Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria
Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) may be at increased cardiovascular risk. This review provides an overview of clinical and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, explores the connections between body composition (including fat mas...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/24/5133 |
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| author | Luis M. Luengo-Pérez Mercedes Fernández-Bueso Ana Ambrojo Marta Guijarro Ana Cristina Ferreira Luís Pereira-da-Silva André Moreira-Rosário Ana Faria Conceição Calhau Anne Daly Anita MacDonald Júlio César Rocha |
| author_facet | Luis M. Luengo-Pérez Mercedes Fernández-Bueso Ana Ambrojo Marta Guijarro Ana Cristina Ferreira Luís Pereira-da-Silva André Moreira-Rosário Ana Faria Conceição Calhau Anne Daly Anita MacDonald Júlio César Rocha |
| author_sort | Luis M. Luengo-Pérez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) may be at increased cardiovascular risk. This review provides an overview of clinical and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, explores the connections between body composition (including fat mass and ectopic fat) and cardiovascular risk, and examines various methods for evaluating body composition. It particularly focuses on nutritional ultrasound, given its emerging availability and practical utility in clinical settings. Possible causes of increased cardiometabolic risk in PKU are also explored, including an increased intake of carbohydrates, chronic exposure to amino acids, and characteristics of microbiota. It is important to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors and body composition in patients with PKU. We suggest systematic monitoring of body composition to develop nutritional management and hydration strategies to optimize performance within the limits of nutritional therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:28:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ce9ac27dcf404e428794352d52b7a481 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:28:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-ce9ac27dcf404e428794352d52b7a4812023-12-22T14:30:18ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-12-011524513310.3390/nu15245133Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with PhenylketonuriaLuis M. Luengo-Pérez0Mercedes Fernández-Bueso1Ana Ambrojo2Marta Guijarro3Ana Cristina Ferreira4Luís Pereira-da-Silva5André Moreira-Rosário6Ana Faria7Conceição Calhau8Anne Daly9Anita MacDonald10Júlio César Rocha11Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Extremadura, 06008 Badajoz, SpainClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, 06008 Badajoz, SpainClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, 06008 Badajoz, SpainClinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Badajoz University Hospital, 06008 Badajoz, SpainReference Centre of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Rua Jacinta Marto, 1169-045 Lisboa, PortugalCHRC—Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Nutrition Group, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, PortugalNOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, PortugalCHRC—Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Nutrition Group, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, PortugalNOVA Medical School (NMS), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, PortugalBirmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UKBirmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, UKReference Centre of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Rua Jacinta Marto, 1169-045 Lisboa, PortugalCardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality worldwide. Patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) may be at increased cardiovascular risk. This review provides an overview of clinical and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors, explores the connections between body composition (including fat mass and ectopic fat) and cardiovascular risk, and examines various methods for evaluating body composition. It particularly focuses on nutritional ultrasound, given its emerging availability and practical utility in clinical settings. Possible causes of increased cardiometabolic risk in PKU are also explored, including an increased intake of carbohydrates, chronic exposure to amino acids, and characteristics of microbiota. It is important to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors and body composition in patients with PKU. We suggest systematic monitoring of body composition to develop nutritional management and hydration strategies to optimize performance within the limits of nutritional therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/24/5133phenylketonuriabody compositionbody fatvisceral fatbioelectrical impedanceultrasound |
| spellingShingle | Luis M. Luengo-Pérez Mercedes Fernández-Bueso Ana Ambrojo Marta Guijarro Ana Cristina Ferreira Luís Pereira-da-Silva André Moreira-Rosário Ana Faria Conceição Calhau Anne Daly Anita MacDonald Júlio César Rocha Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria Nutrients phenylketonuria body composition body fat visceral fat bioelectrical impedance ultrasound |
| title | Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria |
| title_full | Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria |
| title_fullStr | Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria |
| title_short | Body Composition Evaluation and Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients with Phenylketonuria |
| title_sort | body composition evaluation and clinical markers of cardiometabolic risk in patients with phenylketonuria |
| topic | phenylketonuria body composition body fat visceral fat bioelectrical impedance ultrasound |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/24/5133 |
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