From Exosome Biogenesis to Absorption: Key Takeaways for Cancer Research
Exosomes are mediators of intercellular communication in normal physiology and diseases. While many studies have emerged on the function of exosomal cargoes, questions remain regarding the origin of these exosomes. The packaging and secretion of exosomes in different contexts modify exosomal composi...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/7/1992 |
| _version_ | 1797608281269600256 |
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| author | Nicolas Cheuk Hang Lau Judy Wai Ping Yam |
| author_facet | Nicolas Cheuk Hang Lau Judy Wai Ping Yam |
| author_sort | Nicolas Cheuk Hang Lau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exosomes are mediators of intercellular communication in normal physiology and diseases. While many studies have emerged on the function of exosomal cargoes, questions remain regarding the origin of these exosomes. The packaging and secretion of exosomes in different contexts modify exosomal composition, which may in turn impact delivery, uptake and cargo function in recipient cells. A mechanistic understanding of exosome biology is therefore crucial to investigating exosomal function in complex biological systems and to the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we outline the steps in exosome biogenesis, including endosome formation, MVB formation, cargo sorting and extracellular release, as well as exosome absorption, including targeting, interaction with recipient cells and the fate of internalized exosomes. In addition to providing a framework of exosome dynamics, we summarize current evidence on major pathways and regulatory mechanisms. We also highlight the various mechanisms observed in cancer and point out directions to improve study design in exosome biology. Further research is needed to illuminate the relationship between exosome biogenesis and function, which will aid the development of translational applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:42:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cea529af05374558bec31db9d0fe60d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:42:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-cea529af05374558bec31db9d0fe60d02023-11-17T16:24:34ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-03-01157199210.3390/cancers15071992From Exosome Biogenesis to Absorption: Key Takeaways for Cancer ResearchNicolas Cheuk Hang Lau0Judy Wai Ping Yam1Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong KongDepartment of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong KongExosomes are mediators of intercellular communication in normal physiology and diseases. While many studies have emerged on the function of exosomal cargoes, questions remain regarding the origin of these exosomes. The packaging and secretion of exosomes in different contexts modify exosomal composition, which may in turn impact delivery, uptake and cargo function in recipient cells. A mechanistic understanding of exosome biology is therefore crucial to investigating exosomal function in complex biological systems and to the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we outline the steps in exosome biogenesis, including endosome formation, MVB formation, cargo sorting and extracellular release, as well as exosome absorption, including targeting, interaction with recipient cells and the fate of internalized exosomes. In addition to providing a framework of exosome dynamics, we summarize current evidence on major pathways and regulatory mechanisms. We also highlight the various mechanisms observed in cancer and point out directions to improve study design in exosome biology. Further research is needed to illuminate the relationship between exosome biogenesis and function, which will aid the development of translational applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/7/1992exosomeextracellular vesicleintercellular communicationbiogenesistargetingregulation |
| spellingShingle | Nicolas Cheuk Hang Lau Judy Wai Ping Yam From Exosome Biogenesis to Absorption: Key Takeaways for Cancer Research Cancers exosome extracellular vesicle intercellular communication biogenesis targeting regulation |
| title | From Exosome Biogenesis to Absorption: Key Takeaways for Cancer Research |
| title_full | From Exosome Biogenesis to Absorption: Key Takeaways for Cancer Research |
| title_fullStr | From Exosome Biogenesis to Absorption: Key Takeaways for Cancer Research |
| title_full_unstemmed | From Exosome Biogenesis to Absorption: Key Takeaways for Cancer Research |
| title_short | From Exosome Biogenesis to Absorption: Key Takeaways for Cancer Research |
| title_sort | from exosome biogenesis to absorption key takeaways for cancer research |
| topic | exosome extracellular vesicle intercellular communication biogenesis targeting regulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/7/1992 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nicolascheukhanglau fromexosomebiogenesistoabsorptionkeytakeawaysforcancerresearch AT judywaipingyam fromexosomebiogenesistoabsorptionkeytakeawaysforcancerresearch |