| Summary: | In this paper, a new robust adaptive nonlinear teleoperation system using an improved extended active observer (IEAOB), adaptive Smith predictor (ASP) and sliding mode control is developed to address the time delay in the communication channels and the nonlinear robot model uncertainties. Firstly, an ASP based on Padé approximation and active observer is designed to compensate for the time delay effect. Specifically, the total network time delay is modelled by Padé approximation, and then an active observer is deployed to estimate the time delay. To ensure the time-varying delay effect is completely suppressed, a sliding mode control algorithm is further developed. The main added value of this teleoperation approach is that it requires neither specific mathematic delay-time model, nor strict assumptions on time delay from a practical point of view. Finally, the stability of the designed teleoperation system is theoretically studied and the system effectiveness is demonstrated by applying it to a pair of Phantom Omni haptic devices connected via a communication channel with time-varying delays.
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