Wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in China: history, current situation, and future perspectives
China is the largest steel producer in the world. Effective methods to alleviate the contradiction between water supply and water demand of the iron and steel industry in China are to implement the recycling of wastewater from the iron and steel industry and develop unconventional water resources. T...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://wreuse.iwaponline.com/content/13/2/162 |
| _version_ | 1797783058657574912 |
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| author | Siyi Liang Ye Du Qi Liu Jiankang Li Zhi Liu Yan Xu Zhuo Chen Yin-Hu Wu Hong-Ying Hu |
| author_facet | Siyi Liang Ye Du Qi Liu Jiankang Li Zhi Liu Yan Xu Zhuo Chen Yin-Hu Wu Hong-Ying Hu |
| author_sort | Siyi Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | China is the largest steel producer in the world. Effective methods to alleviate the contradiction between water supply and water demand of the iron and steel industry in China are to implement the recycling of wastewater from the iron and steel industry and develop unconventional water resources. This paper reviews the development of wastewater recycling in the iron and steel industry in China in the past 40 years (1980–2020). During this period, steel output has increased from 36 to 1,053 million tons, freshwater consumption per ton of steel has decreased from 35.9 to 2.45 tons, and water resources reuse has soared from 61.2 to 98.02%. Four typical cases, including the Anyang Steel Group, the Tangshan Steel Group, the Tianjin Steel Group, and the Taihang Steel Group, were analyzed. In addition, a water efficiency research project of iron and steel enterprises in China was carried out in 2019. Statistical analyses on wastewater recycling rate, reuse rate, direct cooling water circulation rate, and other indicators were performed. The recycling of wastewater in the iron and steel industry would be continuously improved by policy drivers, economic drivers, and technical drivers.
HIGHLIGHTS
History of steel wastewater reuse and typical projects in China were presented.;
Effective methods to alleviate the contradiction between water supply and demand were introduced.;
Comparisons of the water use efficiency of steel industries in China were conducted.;
Perspectives and challenges of future development of the steel industry were proposed.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:20:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cec6a48f1ed249c89fc458587924e09c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2220-1319 2408-9370 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:20:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination |
| spelling | doaj.art-cec6a48f1ed249c89fc458587924e09c2023-07-11T16:27:27ZengIWA PublishingJournal of Water Reuse and Desalination2220-13192408-93702023-06-0113216217910.2166/wrd.2023.072072Wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in China: history, current situation, and future perspectivesSiyi Liang0Ye Du1Qi Liu2Jiankang Li3Zhi Liu4Yan Xu5Zhuo Chen6Yin-Hu Wu7Hong-Ying Hu8 MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd, 7 Jian'an Street, Beijing Economical and Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, China College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd, 7 Jian'an Street, Beijing Economical and Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, China MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd, 7 Jian'an Street, Beijing Economical and Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, China MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd, 7 Jian'an Street, Beijing Economical and Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, China Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, ShanDong Water Conservancy Vocational College, Rizhao 276826, China School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China China is the largest steel producer in the world. Effective methods to alleviate the contradiction between water supply and water demand of the iron and steel industry in China are to implement the recycling of wastewater from the iron and steel industry and develop unconventional water resources. This paper reviews the development of wastewater recycling in the iron and steel industry in China in the past 40 years (1980–2020). During this period, steel output has increased from 36 to 1,053 million tons, freshwater consumption per ton of steel has decreased from 35.9 to 2.45 tons, and water resources reuse has soared from 61.2 to 98.02%. Four typical cases, including the Anyang Steel Group, the Tangshan Steel Group, the Tianjin Steel Group, and the Taihang Steel Group, were analyzed. In addition, a water efficiency research project of iron and steel enterprises in China was carried out in 2019. Statistical analyses on wastewater recycling rate, reuse rate, direct cooling water circulation rate, and other indicators were performed. The recycling of wastewater in the iron and steel industry would be continuously improved by policy drivers, economic drivers, and technical drivers. HIGHLIGHTS History of steel wastewater reuse and typical projects in China were presented.; Effective methods to alleviate the contradiction between water supply and demand were introduced.; Comparisons of the water use efficiency of steel industries in China were conducted.; Perspectives and challenges of future development of the steel industry were proposed.;http://wreuse.iwaponline.com/content/13/2/162iron and steel industryunconventional water resource utilizationwastewater reclamation |
| spellingShingle | Siyi Liang Ye Du Qi Liu Jiankang Li Zhi Liu Yan Xu Zhuo Chen Yin-Hu Wu Hong-Ying Hu Wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in China: history, current situation, and future perspectives Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination iron and steel industry unconventional water resource utilization wastewater reclamation |
| title | Wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in China: history, current situation, and future perspectives |
| title_full | Wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in China: history, current situation, and future perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in China: history, current situation, and future perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in China: history, current situation, and future perspectives |
| title_short | Wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in China: history, current situation, and future perspectives |
| title_sort | wastewater reuse and recycling of the steel industry in china history current situation and future perspectives |
| topic | iron and steel industry unconventional water resource utilization wastewater reclamation |
| url | http://wreuse.iwaponline.com/content/13/2/162 |
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