Molecular Characterization of Dehydrin in Azraq Saltbush among Related <i>Atriplex</i> Species
<i>Atriplex</i> spp. (saltbush) is known to survive extremely harsh environmental stresses such as salinity and drought. It mitigates such conditions based on specialized physiological and biochemical characteristics. Dehydrin genes (<i>DHNs</i>) are considered major players...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | BioTech |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6284/12/2/27 |
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| author | Anas Musallam Saeid Abu-Romman Monther T. Sadder |
| author_facet | Anas Musallam Saeid Abu-Romman Monther T. Sadder |
| author_sort | Anas Musallam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Atriplex</i> spp. (saltbush) is known to survive extremely harsh environmental stresses such as salinity and drought. It mitigates such conditions based on specialized physiological and biochemical characteristics. Dehydrin genes (<i>DHNs</i>) are considered major players in this adaptation. In this study, a novel <i>DHN</i> gene from Azrak (Jordan) saltbush was characterized along with other <i>Atriplex</i> species from diverse habitats. Intronless <i>DHN</i>-expressed sequence tags (495–761 bp) were successfully cloned and sequenced. Saltbush dehydrins contain one S-segment followed by three K-segments: an arrangement called SK3-type. Two substantial insertions were detected including three copies of the K2-segemnet in <i>A. canescens</i>. New motif variants other than the six-serine standard were evident in the S-segment. AhaDHN1 (<i>A. halimus</i>) has a cysteine residue (SSCSSS), while AgaDHN1 (<i>A. gardneri var. utahensis</i>) has an isoleucine residue (SISSSS). In contrast to the conserved K1-segment, both the K2- and K3-segment showed several substitutions, particularly in AnuDHN1 (<i>A. nummularia</i>). In addition, a parsimony phylogenetic tree based on homologs from related genera was constructed. The phylogenetic tree resolved DHNs for all of the investigated <i>Atriplex</i> species in a superclade with an 85% bootstrap value. Nonetheless, the DHN isolated from Azraq saltbush was uniquely subclustred with a related genera <i>Halimione portulacoides</i>. The characterized DHNs revealed tremendous diversification among the <i>Atriplex</i> species, which opens a new venue for their functional analysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:42:11Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-6284 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:42:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| series | BioTech |
| spelling | doaj.art-ced06eab87934719b3f70a626287fbb72023-11-18T09:33:29ZengMDPI AGBioTech2673-62842023-04-011222710.3390/biotech12020027Molecular Characterization of Dehydrin in Azraq Saltbush among Related <i>Atriplex</i> SpeciesAnas Musallam0Saeid Abu-Romman1Monther T. Sadder2Biotechnology Research Directorate, National Agricultural Research Center, Baq’a 19381, JordanDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, JordanPlant Biotechnology Lab, Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, School of Agriculture, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan<i>Atriplex</i> spp. (saltbush) is known to survive extremely harsh environmental stresses such as salinity and drought. It mitigates such conditions based on specialized physiological and biochemical characteristics. Dehydrin genes (<i>DHNs</i>) are considered major players in this adaptation. In this study, a novel <i>DHN</i> gene from Azrak (Jordan) saltbush was characterized along with other <i>Atriplex</i> species from diverse habitats. Intronless <i>DHN</i>-expressed sequence tags (495–761 bp) were successfully cloned and sequenced. Saltbush dehydrins contain one S-segment followed by three K-segments: an arrangement called SK3-type. Two substantial insertions were detected including three copies of the K2-segemnet in <i>A. canescens</i>. New motif variants other than the six-serine standard were evident in the S-segment. AhaDHN1 (<i>A. halimus</i>) has a cysteine residue (SSCSSS), while AgaDHN1 (<i>A. gardneri var. utahensis</i>) has an isoleucine residue (SISSSS). In contrast to the conserved K1-segment, both the K2- and K3-segment showed several substitutions, particularly in AnuDHN1 (<i>A. nummularia</i>). In addition, a parsimony phylogenetic tree based on homologs from related genera was constructed. The phylogenetic tree resolved DHNs for all of the investigated <i>Atriplex</i> species in a superclade with an 85% bootstrap value. Nonetheless, the DHN isolated from Azraq saltbush was uniquely subclustred with a related genera <i>Halimione portulacoides</i>. The characterized DHNs revealed tremendous diversification among the <i>Atriplex</i> species, which opens a new venue for their functional analysis.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6284/12/2/27<i>Atriplex</i>dehydrinLEA IIK–segmentS–segment |
| spellingShingle | Anas Musallam Saeid Abu-Romman Monther T. Sadder Molecular Characterization of Dehydrin in Azraq Saltbush among Related <i>Atriplex</i> Species BioTech <i>Atriplex</i> dehydrin LEA II K–segment S–segment |
| title | Molecular Characterization of Dehydrin in Azraq Saltbush among Related <i>Atriplex</i> Species |
| title_full | Molecular Characterization of Dehydrin in Azraq Saltbush among Related <i>Atriplex</i> Species |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Characterization of Dehydrin in Azraq Saltbush among Related <i>Atriplex</i> Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Characterization of Dehydrin in Azraq Saltbush among Related <i>Atriplex</i> Species |
| title_short | Molecular Characterization of Dehydrin in Azraq Saltbush among Related <i>Atriplex</i> Species |
| title_sort | molecular characterization of dehydrin in azraq saltbush among related i atriplex i species |
| topic | <i>Atriplex</i> dehydrin LEA II K–segment S–segment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6284/12/2/27 |
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