Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a common antioxidant enzyme found majorly in living cells. The main physiological role of SOD is detoxification and maintain the redox balance, acts as a first line of defence against Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and other such potenti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-06-01
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| Series: | IBRO Neuroscience Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667242123022856 |
| _version_ | 1797295238695354368 |
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| author | Saravana Babu Chidambaram Nikhilesh Anand Sudhir Rama Varma Srinivasan Ramamurthy Chandrasekaran Vichitra Ambika Sharma Arehally M. Mahalakshmi Musthafa Mohamed Essa |
| author_facet | Saravana Babu Chidambaram Nikhilesh Anand Sudhir Rama Varma Srinivasan Ramamurthy Chandrasekaran Vichitra Ambika Sharma Arehally M. Mahalakshmi Musthafa Mohamed Essa |
| author_sort | Saravana Babu Chidambaram |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a common antioxidant enzyme found majorly in living cells. The main physiological role of SOD is detoxification and maintain the redox balance, acts as a first line of defence against Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and other such potentially hazardous molecules. SOD catalyses the conversion of superoxide anion free radicals (O 2 -.) into molecular oxygen (O 2) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) in the cells. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are expressed in neurons and glial cells throughout the CNS both intracellularly and extracellularly. Endogenous oxidative stress (OS) linked with enlarged production of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), inflammation, deregulation of redox balance, mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic crisis are found to be prerequisite for neuronal loss in neurological diseases. Clinical and genetic studies indicate a direct correlation between mutations in SOD gene and neurodegenerative diseases, like Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Therefore, inhibitors of OS are considered as an optimistic approach to prevent neuronal loss. SOD mimetics like Metalloporphyrin Mn (II)-cyclic polyamines, Nitroxides and Mn (III)- Salen complexes are designed and used as therapeutic extensively in the treatment of neurological disorders. SODs and SOD mimetics are promising future therapeutics in the field of various diseases with OS-mediated pathology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:43:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ced53bf483f4470c812edcf6aade8628 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-2421 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:43:52Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IBRO Neuroscience Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-ced53bf483f4470c812edcf6aade86282024-02-26T04:16:16ZengElsevierIBRO Neuroscience Reports2667-24212024-06-0116373394Superoxide dismutase and neurological disordersSaravana Babu Chidambaram0Nikhilesh Anand1Sudhir Rama Varma2Srinivasan Ramamurthy3Chandrasekaran Vichitra4Ambika Sharma5Arehally M. Mahalakshmi6Musthafa Mohamed Essa7Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India.Department of Pharmacology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, University Park, Jabberwock Beach Road, Antigua, Antigua and Barbuda; Corresponding author.Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, 346 Ajman, the United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, 346 Ajman, the United Arab EmiratesCollege of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, 2202 Fujairah, the United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Corresponding author at: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a common antioxidant enzyme found majorly in living cells. The main physiological role of SOD is detoxification and maintain the redox balance, acts as a first line of defence against Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and other such potentially hazardous molecules. SOD catalyses the conversion of superoxide anion free radicals (O 2 -.) into molecular oxygen (O 2) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) in the cells. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are expressed in neurons and glial cells throughout the CNS both intracellularly and extracellularly. Endogenous oxidative stress (OS) linked with enlarged production of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), inflammation, deregulation of redox balance, mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic crisis are found to be prerequisite for neuronal loss in neurological diseases. Clinical and genetic studies indicate a direct correlation between mutations in SOD gene and neurodegenerative diseases, like Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease (HD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Therefore, inhibitors of OS are considered as an optimistic approach to prevent neuronal loss. SOD mimetics like Metalloporphyrin Mn (II)-cyclic polyamines, Nitroxides and Mn (III)- Salen complexes are designed and used as therapeutic extensively in the treatment of neurological disorders. SODs and SOD mimetics are promising future therapeutics in the field of various diseases with OS-mediated pathology.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667242123022856Superoxide anionsReactive oxygen speciesSuperoxide dismutaseNeurological disordersNeurodegenerative diseasesAnd oxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Saravana Babu Chidambaram Nikhilesh Anand Sudhir Rama Varma Srinivasan Ramamurthy Chandrasekaran Vichitra Ambika Sharma Arehally M. Mahalakshmi Musthafa Mohamed Essa Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders IBRO Neuroscience Reports Superoxide anions Reactive oxygen species Superoxide dismutase Neurological disorders Neurodegenerative diseases And oxidative stress |
| title | Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders |
| title_full | Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders |
| title_fullStr | Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders |
| title_short | Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders |
| title_sort | superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders |
| topic | Superoxide anions Reactive oxygen species Superoxide dismutase Neurological disorders Neurodegenerative diseases And oxidative stress |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667242123022856 |
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