Tryptophan Reduces Intracohort Cannibalism Behavior in Tropical Gar (<i>Atractosteus tropicus</i>) Larvae
The intracohort cannibalism present in tropical gar larvae (<i>A. tropicus</i>) generates great problems in its culture, as in other fish species around the world. The addition of tryptophan (Trp) (10, 20, and 30 g/kg) and a control diet (CD) without Trp were evaluated in <i>A. tro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Fishes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/40 |
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| author | César Antonio Sepúlveda-Quiroz Graciela María Pérez-Jiménez Gloria Gertrudis Asencio-Alcudia Omar Mendoza-Porras Luis Daniel Jiménez-Martínez Mario A. Galaviz-Espinoza Dariel Tovar-Ramirez Rafael Martinez-Garcia Carina Shianya Alvarez-Villagomez Carlos Alfonso Alvarez-Gonzalez |
| author_facet | César Antonio Sepúlveda-Quiroz Graciela María Pérez-Jiménez Gloria Gertrudis Asencio-Alcudia Omar Mendoza-Porras Luis Daniel Jiménez-Martínez Mario A. Galaviz-Espinoza Dariel Tovar-Ramirez Rafael Martinez-Garcia Carina Shianya Alvarez-Villagomez Carlos Alfonso Alvarez-Gonzalez |
| author_sort | César Antonio Sepúlveda-Quiroz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The intracohort cannibalism present in tropical gar larvae (<i>A. tropicus</i>) generates great problems in its culture, as in other fish species around the world. The addition of tryptophan (Trp) (10, 20, and 30 g/kg) and a control diet (CD) without Trp were evaluated in <i>A. tropicus</i> larvae regarding growth, survival, cannibalism, behavior, digestive enzymatic activity, and genes related to aggressiveness and/or cannibalism in two stages: 0–13 days after hatching (DAH); and only cannibals (14–24 DAH). In the first stage, no differences were observed in growth parameters; cannibalism was lower with the use of Trp, with the lowest percentage being the 10 g/kg Trp treatment (56.75 ± 2.47%) compared to CD (64.75 ± 1.76%). In the second stage, survival was greater in 10 g/kg Trp (75.00 ± 7.07%) than in CD (23.33 ± 5.77%). Thus, cannibalism was lower with 10 g/kg Trp (20.0 ± 10.0%) compared to CD (76.66 ± 5.77%). Cannibal larvae fed with 10 g/kg Trp had a greater enzymatic activity in acid and alkaline proteases and leucine aminopeptidase, as well as the overexpression of <i>avpi1</i>, <i>crh</i>, and <i>htr1a</i> and the subexpression of <i>tph1</i>, <i>th</i>, <i>sstr1</i>, and <i>hdc</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No aggressive behaviors were recorded in the larvae fed with the 10 g/kg Trp treatment, unlike those fed with CD. The use of 10 g/kg Trp improves survival and reduces cannibalism in <i>A. tropicus</i> larvae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:56:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cee0adc11a934f39a7dd98367f14d202 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:56:38Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fishes |
| spelling | doaj.art-cee0adc11a934f39a7dd98367f14d2022024-01-26T16:24:32ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882024-01-01914010.3390/fishes9010040Tryptophan Reduces Intracohort Cannibalism Behavior in Tropical Gar (<i>Atractosteus tropicus</i>) LarvaeCésar Antonio Sepúlveda-Quiroz0Graciela María Pérez-Jiménez1Gloria Gertrudis Asencio-Alcudia2Omar Mendoza-Porras3Luis Daniel Jiménez-Martínez4Mario A. Galaviz-Espinoza5Dariel Tovar-Ramirez6Rafael Martinez-Garcia7Carina Shianya Alvarez-Villagomez8Carlos Alfonso Alvarez-Gonzalez9Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, MexicoLaboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, MexicoLaboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, MexicoCSIRO Livestock and Aquaculture, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia 4067, AustraliaDivisión Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (DAMJM-UJAT), Carretera Estatal Libre Villahermosa-Comalcalco Km. 27+000 s/n Ranchería Ribera Alta, Jalpa de Méndez 86205, Tabasco, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Ensenada 22860, Baja California, MexicoLaboratorio de Fisiología Comparada y Genómica Funcional, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz 23096, Baja California Sur, MexicoLaboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, MexicoLaboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, MexicoLaboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, MexicoThe intracohort cannibalism present in tropical gar larvae (<i>A. tropicus</i>) generates great problems in its culture, as in other fish species around the world. The addition of tryptophan (Trp) (10, 20, and 30 g/kg) and a control diet (CD) without Trp were evaluated in <i>A. tropicus</i> larvae regarding growth, survival, cannibalism, behavior, digestive enzymatic activity, and genes related to aggressiveness and/or cannibalism in two stages: 0–13 days after hatching (DAH); and only cannibals (14–24 DAH). In the first stage, no differences were observed in growth parameters; cannibalism was lower with the use of Trp, with the lowest percentage being the 10 g/kg Trp treatment (56.75 ± 2.47%) compared to CD (64.75 ± 1.76%). In the second stage, survival was greater in 10 g/kg Trp (75.00 ± 7.07%) than in CD (23.33 ± 5.77%). Thus, cannibalism was lower with 10 g/kg Trp (20.0 ± 10.0%) compared to CD (76.66 ± 5.77%). Cannibal larvae fed with 10 g/kg Trp had a greater enzymatic activity in acid and alkaline proteases and leucine aminopeptidase, as well as the overexpression of <i>avpi1</i>, <i>crh</i>, and <i>htr1a</i> and the subexpression of <i>tph1</i>, <i>th</i>, <i>sstr1</i>, and <i>hdc</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No aggressive behaviors were recorded in the larvae fed with the 10 g/kg Trp treatment, unlike those fed with CD. The use of 10 g/kg Trp improves survival and reduces cannibalism in <i>A. tropicus</i> larvae.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/40intracohort cannibalismmitigationsurvivalfish larvaebehavior |
| spellingShingle | César Antonio Sepúlveda-Quiroz Graciela María Pérez-Jiménez Gloria Gertrudis Asencio-Alcudia Omar Mendoza-Porras Luis Daniel Jiménez-Martínez Mario A. Galaviz-Espinoza Dariel Tovar-Ramirez Rafael Martinez-Garcia Carina Shianya Alvarez-Villagomez Carlos Alfonso Alvarez-Gonzalez Tryptophan Reduces Intracohort Cannibalism Behavior in Tropical Gar (<i>Atractosteus tropicus</i>) Larvae Fishes intracohort cannibalism mitigation survival fish larvae behavior |
| title | Tryptophan Reduces Intracohort Cannibalism Behavior in Tropical Gar (<i>Atractosteus tropicus</i>) Larvae |
| title_full | Tryptophan Reduces Intracohort Cannibalism Behavior in Tropical Gar (<i>Atractosteus tropicus</i>) Larvae |
| title_fullStr | Tryptophan Reduces Intracohort Cannibalism Behavior in Tropical Gar (<i>Atractosteus tropicus</i>) Larvae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tryptophan Reduces Intracohort Cannibalism Behavior in Tropical Gar (<i>Atractosteus tropicus</i>) Larvae |
| title_short | Tryptophan Reduces Intracohort Cannibalism Behavior in Tropical Gar (<i>Atractosteus tropicus</i>) Larvae |
| title_sort | tryptophan reduces intracohort cannibalism behavior in tropical gar i atractosteus tropicus i larvae |
| topic | intracohort cannibalism mitigation survival fish larvae behavior |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/40 |
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