Mung Bean Is Better Than Soybean in the Legume–Wheat Rotation System for Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration in Calcareous Soils of a Semiarid Region
Small changes in soil aggregates-associated organic carbon and soil nitrogen (N) can induce huge fluctuations in greenhouse gas emissions and soil fertility. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the responses to long-term continuous rotation systems, especially in N-fixing and non-N-fixing cr...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/9/2254 |
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| author | Chunxia Li Guoyin Yuan Lin Qi Youjun Li Sifan Cheng Guanzheng Shang Taiji Kou Yuyi Li |
| author_facet | Chunxia Li Guoyin Yuan Lin Qi Youjun Li Sifan Cheng Guanzheng Shang Taiji Kou Yuyi Li |
| author_sort | Chunxia Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Small changes in soil aggregates-associated organic carbon and soil nitrogen (N) can induce huge fluctuations in greenhouse gas emissions and soil fertility. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the responses to long-term continuous rotation systems, especially in N-fixing and non-N-fixing crop wheat in terms of the distribution of soil aggregates and the storage of soil carbon (C) and N in aggregates in the semiarid calcareous soil of Central China. This information is critical for advancing knowledge on C and N sequestration of soil aggregates in rainfed crop rotation systems. Our aim was to determine which legume (soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)– or mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)–wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) rotation practice is more conducive to the formation of good soil structure and C and N fixation. A 10-year field experiment, including a soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)–winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) rotation (SWR) with yield increments of 2020 compared to 2010 achieving 18.28% (soybean) and 26.73% (wheat), respectively, and a mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)–winter wheat rotation (MWR) achieving 32.66% (mung bean) and 27.38% (wheat), as well as farmland fallow, was conducted in Henan Province, China. The soil organic carbon (SOC), N content in the soil, and the soil aggregates were investigated. Legume–wheat rotation cropping enhanced the proportion of the >2 mm soil fractions and reduced the <0.053 mm silt + clay in the 0–40 cm soil profile. In the 0–30 cm soil layer, the SWR had a greater increment of the >2 mm aggregate fractions than the MWR. Two legume–winter wheat rotations enhanced the C and N sequestration that varied with soil depths and size fractions of the aggregate. In contrast, the MWR had greater SOC stocks in all fractions of all sizes in the 0–40 cm soil layers. In addition, the greater storage of N in the macro-, micro-, and silt + clay fractions was observed in the 0–30 cm layers; the MWR enhanced the C/N ratios in most of the size aggregates compared with the SWR. The MWR cropping system is more beneficial to the formation of good soil structure and the increasement of C and N reserves in soil. Thus, these findings show that mung bean, in contrast with soybean in the legume–wheat rotation system of a semiarid temperate zone, may offer soil quality improvement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:08:54Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cee5469f2aed42119d0dfa5590e48a112023-11-19T09:09:43ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-08-01139225410.3390/agronomy13092254Mung Bean Is Better Than Soybean in the Legume–Wheat Rotation System for Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration in Calcareous Soils of a Semiarid RegionChunxia Li0Guoyin Yuan1Lin Qi2Youjun Li3Sifan Cheng4Guanzheng Shang5Taiji Kou6Yuyi Li7College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, ChinaCollege of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, ChinaInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, ChinaSmall changes in soil aggregates-associated organic carbon and soil nitrogen (N) can induce huge fluctuations in greenhouse gas emissions and soil fertility. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the responses to long-term continuous rotation systems, especially in N-fixing and non-N-fixing crop wheat in terms of the distribution of soil aggregates and the storage of soil carbon (C) and N in aggregates in the semiarid calcareous soil of Central China. This information is critical for advancing knowledge on C and N sequestration of soil aggregates in rainfed crop rotation systems. Our aim was to determine which legume (soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)– or mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)–wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) rotation practice is more conducive to the formation of good soil structure and C and N fixation. A 10-year field experiment, including a soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>)–winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) rotation (SWR) with yield increments of 2020 compared to 2010 achieving 18.28% (soybean) and 26.73% (wheat), respectively, and a mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)–winter wheat rotation (MWR) achieving 32.66% (mung bean) and 27.38% (wheat), as well as farmland fallow, was conducted in Henan Province, China. The soil organic carbon (SOC), N content in the soil, and the soil aggregates were investigated. Legume–wheat rotation cropping enhanced the proportion of the >2 mm soil fractions and reduced the <0.053 mm silt + clay in the 0–40 cm soil profile. In the 0–30 cm soil layer, the SWR had a greater increment of the >2 mm aggregate fractions than the MWR. Two legume–winter wheat rotations enhanced the C and N sequestration that varied with soil depths and size fractions of the aggregate. In contrast, the MWR had greater SOC stocks in all fractions of all sizes in the 0–40 cm soil layers. In addition, the greater storage of N in the macro-, micro-, and silt + clay fractions was observed in the 0–30 cm layers; the MWR enhanced the C/N ratios in most of the size aggregates compared with the SWR. The MWR cropping system is more beneficial to the formation of good soil structure and the increasement of C and N reserves in soil. Thus, these findings show that mung bean, in contrast with soybean in the legume–wheat rotation system of a semiarid temperate zone, may offer soil quality improvement.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/9/2254aggregates Caggregates Nlong-termlegume–wheatrotation cropping |
| spellingShingle | Chunxia Li Guoyin Yuan Lin Qi Youjun Li Sifan Cheng Guanzheng Shang Taiji Kou Yuyi Li Mung Bean Is Better Than Soybean in the Legume–Wheat Rotation System for Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration in Calcareous Soils of a Semiarid Region Agronomy aggregates C aggregates N long-term legume–wheat rotation cropping |
| title | Mung Bean Is Better Than Soybean in the Legume–Wheat Rotation System for Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration in Calcareous Soils of a Semiarid Region |
| title_full | Mung Bean Is Better Than Soybean in the Legume–Wheat Rotation System for Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration in Calcareous Soils of a Semiarid Region |
| title_fullStr | Mung Bean Is Better Than Soybean in the Legume–Wheat Rotation System for Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration in Calcareous Soils of a Semiarid Region |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mung Bean Is Better Than Soybean in the Legume–Wheat Rotation System for Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration in Calcareous Soils of a Semiarid Region |
| title_short | Mung Bean Is Better Than Soybean in the Legume–Wheat Rotation System for Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration in Calcareous Soils of a Semiarid Region |
| title_sort | mung bean is better than soybean in the legume wheat rotation system for soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration in calcareous soils of a semiarid region |
| topic | aggregates C aggregates N long-term legume–wheat rotation cropping |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/9/2254 |
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