Update on Multiple Ovulations in Dairy Cattle
This review updates the causal mechanisms and risk factors for multiple ovulations (MOV) in cattle. Clearly, MOV can lead to twin pregnancies, which negatively affects the health, production, and reproduction of cows. Therefore, a better understanding of the factors causing MOV may help to reduce tw...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/8/5/62 |
| _version_ | 1818081412419420160 |
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| author | Kira Macmillan John P. Kastelic Marcos G. Colazo |
| author_facet | Kira Macmillan John P. Kastelic Marcos G. Colazo |
| author_sort | Kira Macmillan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This review updates the causal mechanisms and risk factors for multiple ovulations (MOV) in cattle. Clearly, MOV can lead to twin pregnancies, which negatively affects the health, production, and reproduction of cows. Therefore, a better understanding of the factors causing MOV may help to reduce twinning. Multiple ovulations occur after two or more follicles deviate and achieve codominance. The MOV rate is influenced by a complex network of hormones. For example, MOV is more common during periods of low progesterone (P4), that is, in anovulatory cattle or when luteolysis coincides with the selection of the future ovulatory follicle. There is also strong evidence for the luteinizing hormone (LH) being the primary factor leading to codominance, as high P4 concentrations suppress the transient LH surges and can reduce the ovulation rate in cattle or even inhibit deviation. Rates of MOV are increased in older and higher-producing dairy cows. Increased milk production and dry matter intake (DMI) increases hormone clearance, including P4; however, the association between milk yield and MOV has not been consistent. Additional risk factors for MOV include ovarian cysts, diet, season, and genetics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:05:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ceec7be085f947adb8d434c6152f948c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:05:48Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-ceec7be085f947adb8d434c6152f948c2022-12-22T01:36:54ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152018-04-01856210.3390/ani8050062ani8050062Update on Multiple Ovulations in Dairy CattleKira Macmillan0John P. Kastelic1Marcos G. Colazo2Livestock Research Section, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, CanadaDepartment of Production Animal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, CanadaLivestock Research Section, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, CanadaThis review updates the causal mechanisms and risk factors for multiple ovulations (MOV) in cattle. Clearly, MOV can lead to twin pregnancies, which negatively affects the health, production, and reproduction of cows. Therefore, a better understanding of the factors causing MOV may help to reduce twinning. Multiple ovulations occur after two or more follicles deviate and achieve codominance. The MOV rate is influenced by a complex network of hormones. For example, MOV is more common during periods of low progesterone (P4), that is, in anovulatory cattle or when luteolysis coincides with the selection of the future ovulatory follicle. There is also strong evidence for the luteinizing hormone (LH) being the primary factor leading to codominance, as high P4 concentrations suppress the transient LH surges and can reduce the ovulation rate in cattle or even inhibit deviation. Rates of MOV are increased in older and higher-producing dairy cows. Increased milk production and dry matter intake (DMI) increases hormone clearance, including P4; however, the association between milk yield and MOV has not been consistent. Additional risk factors for MOV include ovarian cysts, diet, season, and genetics.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/8/5/62double ovulationstwinning ratecodominancefollicle deviationovarycow |
| spellingShingle | Kira Macmillan John P. Kastelic Marcos G. Colazo Update on Multiple Ovulations in Dairy Cattle Animals double ovulations twinning rate codominance follicle deviation ovary cow |
| title | Update on Multiple Ovulations in Dairy Cattle |
| title_full | Update on Multiple Ovulations in Dairy Cattle |
| title_fullStr | Update on Multiple Ovulations in Dairy Cattle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Update on Multiple Ovulations in Dairy Cattle |
| title_short | Update on Multiple Ovulations in Dairy Cattle |
| title_sort | update on multiple ovulations in dairy cattle |
| topic | double ovulations twinning rate codominance follicle deviation ovary cow |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/8/5/62 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kiramacmillan updateonmultipleovulationsindairycattle AT johnpkastelic updateonmultipleovulationsindairycattle AT marcosgcolazo updateonmultipleovulationsindairycattle |