Enhancement of Photocatalytic Rhodamine B Degradation over Magnesium–Manganese Baring Extracted Iron Oxalate from Converter Slag
In this work, iron oxalate from converter slag (FeOX-Slag) was produced by extraction of iron from converter slag using oxalic acid, followed by photo-reduction. The FeOX-Slag sample was subjected to various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning...
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2023-08-01
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| author | Chitiphon Chuaicham Jirawat Trakulmututa Sulakshana Shenoy Vellaichamy Balakumar Phatchada Santawaja Shinji Kudo Karthikeyan Sekar Keiko Sasaki |
| author_facet | Chitiphon Chuaicham Jirawat Trakulmututa Sulakshana Shenoy Vellaichamy Balakumar Phatchada Santawaja Shinji Kudo Karthikeyan Sekar Keiko Sasaki |
| author_sort | Chitiphon Chuaicham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, iron oxalate from converter slag (FeOX-Slag) was produced by extraction of iron from converter slag using oxalic acid, followed by photo-reduction. The FeOX-Slag sample was subjected to various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in order to gain insights into its physicochemical properties. Also, to compare the photocatalytic activity of the FeOX-Slag, commercial iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) was used as a precursor to produce normal iron oxalate (FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>). The obtained FeOX-Slag was applied to the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), a model organic contaminant in wastewater, compared with the FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Using the produced FeOX-Slag, we were able to degrade RhB more than 98% within 90 min at a reaction rate constant of about 3.6 times faster than FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Photoluminescence results confirmed the less recombination of the electron–hole pairs in FeOX-Slag, compared to FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which may be due to the defect structure of iron oxalate by guest metal impurities. The higher separation and transportation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs cause the enhancement of the degradation photocatalytic RhB degradation activity of the FeOX-Slag. In addition, The FeOX-Slag showed higher light absorption ability than FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, resulting in the enhancement of the RhB degradation performance. Thus, the optical properties and the results from the activity tests led to the proposal that FeOX-Slag may be used in a photocatalytic degradation process for RhB under light irradiation. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cef1c9ace4a64e6a9b1c7c1aebc96cd22023-11-19T03:00:03ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392023-08-0110844010.3390/separations10080440Enhancement of Photocatalytic Rhodamine B Degradation over Magnesium–Manganese Baring Extracted Iron Oxalate from Converter SlagChitiphon Chuaicham0Jirawat Trakulmututa1Sulakshana Shenoy2Vellaichamy Balakumar3Phatchada Santawaja4Shinji Kudo5Karthikeyan Sekar6Keiko Sasaki7Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore 641006, Tamil Nadu, IndiaInterdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, JapanInterdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, JapanDepartment of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, JapanIn this work, iron oxalate from converter slag (FeOX-Slag) was produced by extraction of iron from converter slag using oxalic acid, followed by photo-reduction. The FeOX-Slag sample was subjected to various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in order to gain insights into its physicochemical properties. Also, to compare the photocatalytic activity of the FeOX-Slag, commercial iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) was used as a precursor to produce normal iron oxalate (FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>). The obtained FeOX-Slag was applied to the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), a model organic contaminant in wastewater, compared with the FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Using the produced FeOX-Slag, we were able to degrade RhB more than 98% within 90 min at a reaction rate constant of about 3.6 times faster than FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Photoluminescence results confirmed the less recombination of the electron–hole pairs in FeOX-Slag, compared to FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which may be due to the defect structure of iron oxalate by guest metal impurities. The higher separation and transportation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs cause the enhancement of the degradation photocatalytic RhB degradation activity of the FeOX-Slag. In addition, The FeOX-Slag showed higher light absorption ability than FeOX-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, resulting in the enhancement of the RhB degradation performance. Thus, the optical properties and the results from the activity tests led to the proposal that FeOX-Slag may be used in a photocatalytic degradation process for RhB under light irradiation.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/8/440photocatalystRhB degradationiron oxalateconverter slag |
| spellingShingle | Chitiphon Chuaicham Jirawat Trakulmututa Sulakshana Shenoy Vellaichamy Balakumar Phatchada Santawaja Shinji Kudo Karthikeyan Sekar Keiko Sasaki Enhancement of Photocatalytic Rhodamine B Degradation over Magnesium–Manganese Baring Extracted Iron Oxalate from Converter Slag Separations photocatalyst RhB degradation iron oxalate converter slag |
| title | Enhancement of Photocatalytic Rhodamine B Degradation over Magnesium–Manganese Baring Extracted Iron Oxalate from Converter Slag |
| title_full | Enhancement of Photocatalytic Rhodamine B Degradation over Magnesium–Manganese Baring Extracted Iron Oxalate from Converter Slag |
| title_fullStr | Enhancement of Photocatalytic Rhodamine B Degradation over Magnesium–Manganese Baring Extracted Iron Oxalate from Converter Slag |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancement of Photocatalytic Rhodamine B Degradation over Magnesium–Manganese Baring Extracted Iron Oxalate from Converter Slag |
| title_short | Enhancement of Photocatalytic Rhodamine B Degradation over Magnesium–Manganese Baring Extracted Iron Oxalate from Converter Slag |
| title_sort | enhancement of photocatalytic rhodamine b degradation over magnesium manganese baring extracted iron oxalate from converter slag |
| topic | photocatalyst RhB degradation iron oxalate converter slag |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/8/440 |
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