Application of PARAFAC Technique to Compare Fluorescence Property of Different Dissolved Organic Matters
Objectives It provides a detailed procedure for analyzing dissolved organic matter (DOM) by the PARAFAC technique and aims to identify compare different fluorescent components of DOM with various water sources. Methods PARAFAC modeling was performed based on the PARAFAC tutorial by Stedmon et al. [1...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
2023-02-01
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| Series: | 대한환경공학회지 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jksee.or.kr/upload/pdf/KSEE-2023-45-2-81.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797865978258784256 |
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| author | Dokyeong Lim Mi-Jin Choi Jongkwan Park |
| author_facet | Dokyeong Lim Mi-Jin Choi Jongkwan Park |
| author_sort | Dokyeong Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives It provides a detailed procedure for analyzing dissolved organic matter (DOM) by the PARAFAC technique and aims to identify compare different fluorescent components of DOM with various water sources. Methods PARAFAC modeling was performed based on the PARAFAC tutorial by Stedmon et al. [11] using a total of 160 samples originated from wetlands, river, wastewater treatment plant influent and effluent. The procedure includes data preprocessing, initial model creation, outlier analysis, split-half analysis, core consistency, and sum of squared error analysis (SSE). After finishing the model validation step, the samples were analyzed through the verified PARAFAC model. Results and Discussion An initial model with 2 to 4 components was created, and as a result of outlier analysis, the four WWTP Influent samples were removed as outliers. As a result of SSE analysis, the model with two components has a relatively higher SSE value than the model with three or four components. In the case of core consistency, the model with 2, 3, and 4 components scored 99.6%, 94.9%, and 65.7%, respectively. As a result of the split-half analysis, the spectra of the model having the three components of the split data were the same, so it was finally determined that the number of three components was appropriate in the model. The DOM samples were analyzed by the developed PARAFAC model. It was confirmed that the ratio of humic components was higher in the order of WWTP effluent ≈ wetland > river > WWTP influent, and the ratio of protein components affected by microbial activity was in the order of WWTP influent > river > wetland ≈ WWTP effluent. Conclusion In this paper, the procedure of PARAFAC modeling was described and the DOM fluorescence properties were compared. This research provides a practical method for increasing the utilization of the PARAFAC model in the water treatment research field. In addition, the result of the PARAFAC model is useful data to control DOM efficiently in water treatment facilities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:17:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cef1d063ccb045868353766d659dc795 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1225-5025 2383-7810 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:17:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Korean Society of Environmental Engineers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | 대한환경공학회지 |
| spelling | doaj.art-cef1d063ccb045868353766d659dc7952023-03-22T05:58:11ZengKorean Society of Environmental Engineers대한환경공학회지1225-50252383-78102023-02-01452818910.4491/KSEE.2023.45.2.814445Application of PARAFAC Technique to Compare Fluorescence Property of Different Dissolved Organic MattersDokyeong Lim0Mi-Jin Choi1Jongkwan Park2Department of Environment & Energy Engineering, School of Smart & Green Engineering, Changwon National University, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Industrial Technology, Changwon National University, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Environment & Energy Engineering, School of Smart & Green Engineering, Changwon National University, Republic of KoreaObjectives It provides a detailed procedure for analyzing dissolved organic matter (DOM) by the PARAFAC technique and aims to identify compare different fluorescent components of DOM with various water sources. Methods PARAFAC modeling was performed based on the PARAFAC tutorial by Stedmon et al. [11] using a total of 160 samples originated from wetlands, river, wastewater treatment plant influent and effluent. The procedure includes data preprocessing, initial model creation, outlier analysis, split-half analysis, core consistency, and sum of squared error analysis (SSE). After finishing the model validation step, the samples were analyzed through the verified PARAFAC model. Results and Discussion An initial model with 2 to 4 components was created, and as a result of outlier analysis, the four WWTP Influent samples were removed as outliers. As a result of SSE analysis, the model with two components has a relatively higher SSE value than the model with three or four components. In the case of core consistency, the model with 2, 3, and 4 components scored 99.6%, 94.9%, and 65.7%, respectively. As a result of the split-half analysis, the spectra of the model having the three components of the split data were the same, so it was finally determined that the number of three components was appropriate in the model. The DOM samples were analyzed by the developed PARAFAC model. It was confirmed that the ratio of humic components was higher in the order of WWTP effluent ≈ wetland > river > WWTP influent, and the ratio of protein components affected by microbial activity was in the order of WWTP influent > river > wetland ≈ WWTP effluent. Conclusion In this paper, the procedure of PARAFAC modeling was described and the DOM fluorescence properties were compared. This research provides a practical method for increasing the utilization of the PARAFAC model in the water treatment research field. In addition, the result of the PARAFAC model is useful data to control DOM efficiently in water treatment facilities.http://www.jksee.or.kr/upload/pdf/KSEE-2023-45-2-81.pdfdissolved organic matterexcitation emission matrixfluorescence analysisparallel factor analysis |
| spellingShingle | Dokyeong Lim Mi-Jin Choi Jongkwan Park Application of PARAFAC Technique to Compare Fluorescence Property of Different Dissolved Organic Matters 대한환경공학회지 dissolved organic matter excitation emission matrix fluorescence analysis parallel factor analysis |
| title | Application of PARAFAC Technique to Compare Fluorescence Property of Different Dissolved Organic Matters |
| title_full | Application of PARAFAC Technique to Compare Fluorescence Property of Different Dissolved Organic Matters |
| title_fullStr | Application of PARAFAC Technique to Compare Fluorescence Property of Different Dissolved Organic Matters |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of PARAFAC Technique to Compare Fluorescence Property of Different Dissolved Organic Matters |
| title_short | Application of PARAFAC Technique to Compare Fluorescence Property of Different Dissolved Organic Matters |
| title_sort | application of parafac technique to compare fluorescence property of different dissolved organic matters |
| topic | dissolved organic matter excitation emission matrix fluorescence analysis parallel factor analysis |
| url | http://www.jksee.or.kr/upload/pdf/KSEE-2023-45-2-81.pdf |
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