Diversity of <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> Strains from Roe Deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and Red Deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in Poland
Background: The Gram-negative bacterium <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> is an intracellular pathogen and an etiological agent of human and animal anaplasmosis. Its natural reservoir comprises free-ranging ungulates, including roe deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and red dee...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/637 |
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| author | Anna W. Myczka Żaneta Steiner-Bogdaszewska Grzegorz Oloś Anna Bajer Zdzisław Laskowski |
| author_facet | Anna W. Myczka Żaneta Steiner-Bogdaszewska Grzegorz Oloś Anna Bajer Zdzisław Laskowski |
| author_sort | Anna W. Myczka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The Gram-negative bacterium <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> is an intracellular pathogen and an etiological agent of human and animal anaplasmosis. Its natural reservoir comprises free-ranging ungulates, including roe deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>). These two species of deer also constitute the largest group of game animals in Poland. The aim of the study was to genotype and perform a phylogenetic analysis of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> strains from roe deer and red deer. Methods: Samples were subjected to PCR amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of strain-specific genetic markers (<i>groEL</i>, <i>ankA</i>). Results: Five haplotypes of the <i>groEL</i> gene from <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> and seven haplotypes of <i>ankA</i> were obtained. The phylogenetic analysis classified the <i>groEL</i> into ecotypes I and II. Sequences of the <i>ankA</i> gene were classified into clusters I, II, and III. Conclusions: Strains of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> from red deer were in the same ecotype and cluster as strains isolated from humans. Strains of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> from roe deer represented ecotypes (I, II) and clusters (II, III) that were different from those isolated from red deer, and these strains did not show similarity to bacteria from humans. However, roe deer can harbor nonspecific strains of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> more characteristic to red deer. It appears that the genetic variants from red deer can be pathogenic to humans, but the significance of the variants from roe deer requires more study. |
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| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:46:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-cefe79c82ee2447e9b31e9c151ee1c7f2024-02-23T15:04:53ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-02-0114463710.3390/ani14040637Diversity of <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> Strains from Roe Deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and Red Deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in PolandAnna W. Myczka0Żaneta Steiner-Bogdaszewska1Grzegorz Oloś2Anna Bajer3Zdzisław Laskowski4Department of Eco-Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, PolandWitold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Environmental and Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, Kardynała B. Kominka 6, 6a, 45-032 Opole, PolandDepartment of Eco-Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, PolandWitold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, PolandBackground: The Gram-negative bacterium <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> is an intracellular pathogen and an etiological agent of human and animal anaplasmosis. Its natural reservoir comprises free-ranging ungulates, including roe deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>). These two species of deer also constitute the largest group of game animals in Poland. The aim of the study was to genotype and perform a phylogenetic analysis of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> strains from roe deer and red deer. Methods: Samples were subjected to PCR amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of strain-specific genetic markers (<i>groEL</i>, <i>ankA</i>). Results: Five haplotypes of the <i>groEL</i> gene from <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> and seven haplotypes of <i>ankA</i> were obtained. The phylogenetic analysis classified the <i>groEL</i> into ecotypes I and II. Sequences of the <i>ankA</i> gene were classified into clusters I, II, and III. Conclusions: Strains of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> from red deer were in the same ecotype and cluster as strains isolated from humans. Strains of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> from roe deer represented ecotypes (I, II) and clusters (II, III) that were different from those isolated from red deer, and these strains did not show similarity to bacteria from humans. However, roe deer can harbor nonspecific strains of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> more characteristic to red deer. It appears that the genetic variants from red deer can be pathogenic to humans, but the significance of the variants from roe deer requires more study.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/637<i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i><i>groEL</i><i>ankA</i>tick-borne diseaseswildlife |
| spellingShingle | Anna W. Myczka Żaneta Steiner-Bogdaszewska Grzegorz Oloś Anna Bajer Zdzisław Laskowski Diversity of <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> Strains from Roe Deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and Red Deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in Poland Animals <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> <i>groEL</i> <i>ankA</i> tick-borne diseases wildlife |
| title | Diversity of <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> Strains from Roe Deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and Red Deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in Poland |
| title_full | Diversity of <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> Strains from Roe Deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and Red Deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in Poland |
| title_fullStr | Diversity of <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> Strains from Roe Deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and Red Deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in Poland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity of <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> Strains from Roe Deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and Red Deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in Poland |
| title_short | Diversity of <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> Strains from Roe Deer (<i>Capreolus capreolus</i>) and Red Deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>) in Poland |
| title_sort | diversity of i anaplasma phagocytophilum i strains from roe deer i capreolus capreolus i and red deer i cervus elaphus i in poland |
| topic | <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> <i>groEL</i> <i>ankA</i> tick-borne diseases wildlife |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/4/637 |
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