A Chain, a Bath, a Sink, and a Wall
We numerically investigate out-of-equilibrium stationary processes emerging in a Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger chain in contact with a heat reservoir (a bath) at temperature T L and a pure dissipator (a sink) acting on opposite edges. Long-time molecular-dynamics simulations are performed b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/19/9/445 |
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| author | Stefano Iubini Stefano Lepri Roberto Livi Gian-Luca Oppo Antonio Politi |
| author_facet | Stefano Iubini Stefano Lepri Roberto Livi Gian-Luca Oppo Antonio Politi |
| author_sort | Stefano Iubini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We numerically investigate out-of-equilibrium stationary processes emerging in a Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger chain in contact with a heat reservoir (a bath) at temperature T L and a pure dissipator (a sink) acting on opposite edges. Long-time molecular-dynamics simulations are performed by evolving the equations of motion within a symplectic integration scheme. Mass and energy are steadily transported through the chain from the heat bath to the sink. We observe two different regimes. For small heat-bath temperatures T L and chemical-potentials, temperature profiles across the chain display a non-monotonous shape, remain remarkably smooth and even enter the region of negative absolute temperatures. For larger temperatures T L , the transport of energy is strongly inhibited by the spontaneous emergence of discrete breathers, which act as a thermal wall. A strongly intermittent energy flux is also observed, due to the irregular birth and death of breathers. The corresponding statistics exhibit the typical signature of rare events of processes with large deviations. In particular, the breather lifetime is found to be ruled by a stretched-exponential law. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:57:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf036d74408c41658dd353dbd98cf6a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:57:58Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf036d74408c41658dd353dbd98cf6a72022-12-22T04:01:02ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002017-08-0119944510.3390/e19090445e19090445A Chain, a Bath, a Sink, and a WallStefano Iubini0Stefano Lepri1Roberto Livi2Gian-Luca Oppo3Antonio Politi4Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalyDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Firenze, via G. Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, ItalySUPA and Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UKInstitute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology & SUPA, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UKWe numerically investigate out-of-equilibrium stationary processes emerging in a Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger chain in contact with a heat reservoir (a bath) at temperature T L and a pure dissipator (a sink) acting on opposite edges. Long-time molecular-dynamics simulations are performed by evolving the equations of motion within a symplectic integration scheme. Mass and energy are steadily transported through the chain from the heat bath to the sink. We observe two different regimes. For small heat-bath temperatures T L and chemical-potentials, temperature profiles across the chain display a non-monotonous shape, remain remarkably smooth and even enter the region of negative absolute temperatures. For larger temperatures T L , the transport of energy is strongly inhibited by the spontaneous emergence of discrete breathers, which act as a thermal wall. A strongly intermittent energy flux is also observed, due to the irregular birth and death of breathers. The corresponding statistics exhibit the typical signature of rare events of processes with large deviations. In particular, the breather lifetime is found to be ruled by a stretched-exponential law.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/19/9/445discrete nonlinear schrödingerdiscrete breathersnegative temperaturesopen systems |
| spellingShingle | Stefano Iubini Stefano Lepri Roberto Livi Gian-Luca Oppo Antonio Politi A Chain, a Bath, a Sink, and a Wall Entropy discrete nonlinear schrödinger discrete breathers negative temperatures open systems |
| title | A Chain, a Bath, a Sink, and a Wall |
| title_full | A Chain, a Bath, a Sink, and a Wall |
| title_fullStr | A Chain, a Bath, a Sink, and a Wall |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Chain, a Bath, a Sink, and a Wall |
| title_short | A Chain, a Bath, a Sink, and a Wall |
| title_sort | chain a bath a sink and a wall |
| topic | discrete nonlinear schrödinger discrete breathers negative temperatures open systems |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/19/9/445 |
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