Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye, Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulating Inflammatory Transcription Factors
Inflammation of the arterial wall is critical to atherosclerosis pathogenesis. The switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to macrophage-like cells is essential in the exacerbation of vascular inflammation. Platonin, a cyanine photosensitizing dye, exhibits protective effects in sepsis, traum...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| author | Chih-Wei Chiu Chih-Hao Yang Jie-Heng Tsai Cheng-Ying Hsieh Shih-Yi Huang |
| author_facet | Chih-Wei Chiu Chih-Hao Yang Jie-Heng Tsai Cheng-Ying Hsieh Shih-Yi Huang |
| author_sort | Chih-Wei Chiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inflammation of the arterial wall is critical to atherosclerosis pathogenesis. The switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to macrophage-like cells is essential in the exacerbation of vascular inflammation. Platonin, a cyanine photosensitizing dye, exhibits protective effects in sepsis, trauma, and acute ischemic stroke through its anti-inflammatory capacity in macrophages. The present study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of platonin in inflammatory VSMCs. Pretreatment with platonin suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase and mature interleukin-1β but not that of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in VSMCs stimulated by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ (LPS/IFN-γ). Furthermore, platonin inhibited LPS/IFN-γ-induced Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation though the direct reduction of p65<sup>Ser536</sup> phosphorylation but not the restoration of Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκBα) degradation in VSMCs. However, platonin inhibited Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced MCP-1 production, possibly through the attenuation of Activator protein 1 (AP-1) binding activity and C-Jun N-terminal kinases ½ (JNK1/2) phosphorylation. Platonin also lowered lipid drop accumulation in VSMCs in Oil red O staining assay. The results collectively indicated that platonin has a vascular protective property with potent anti-inflammatory effects in VSMCs. In conclusion, platonin should be a potential for treating vascular inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:39:50Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:39:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf126fdd1a1349388aee84f060bac68d2023-12-03T14:43:40ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-01-01113113010.3390/app11031130Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye, Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulating Inflammatory Transcription FactorsChih-Wei Chiu0Chih-Hao Yang1Jie-Heng Tsai2Cheng-Ying Hsieh3Shih-Yi Huang4Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanDivision of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, TaiwanDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanSchool of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, TaiwanInflammation of the arterial wall is critical to atherosclerosis pathogenesis. The switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to macrophage-like cells is essential in the exacerbation of vascular inflammation. Platonin, a cyanine photosensitizing dye, exhibits protective effects in sepsis, trauma, and acute ischemic stroke through its anti-inflammatory capacity in macrophages. The present study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of platonin in inflammatory VSMCs. Pretreatment with platonin suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase and mature interleukin-1β but not that of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in VSMCs stimulated by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ (LPS/IFN-γ). Furthermore, platonin inhibited LPS/IFN-γ-induced Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation though the direct reduction of p65<sup>Ser536</sup> phosphorylation but not the restoration of Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκBα) degradation in VSMCs. However, platonin inhibited Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced MCP-1 production, possibly through the attenuation of Activator protein 1 (AP-1) binding activity and C-Jun N-terminal kinases ½ (JNK1/2) phosphorylation. Platonin also lowered lipid drop accumulation in VSMCs in Oil red O staining assay. The results collectively indicated that platonin has a vascular protective property with potent anti-inflammatory effects in VSMCs. In conclusion, platonin should be a potential for treating vascular inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1130inflammationplatoninvascular smooth muscle cellNF-κBAP-1 |
| spellingShingle | Chih-Wei Chiu Chih-Hao Yang Jie-Heng Tsai Cheng-Ying Hsieh Shih-Yi Huang Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye, Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulating Inflammatory Transcription Factors Applied Sciences inflammation platonin vascular smooth muscle cell NF-κB AP-1 |
| title | Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye, Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulating Inflammatory Transcription Factors |
| title_full | Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye, Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulating Inflammatory Transcription Factors |
| title_fullStr | Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye, Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulating Inflammatory Transcription Factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye, Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulating Inflammatory Transcription Factors |
| title_short | Platonin, a Cyanine Photosensitizing Dye, Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Modulating Inflammatory Transcription Factors |
| title_sort | platonin a cyanine photosensitizing dye ameliorates inflammatory responses in vascular smooth muscle cells by modulating inflammatory transcription factors |
| topic | inflammation platonin vascular smooth muscle cell NF-κB AP-1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1130 |
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