Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study
IntroductionPrevious research has examined the association between coffee and tea consumption and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Preclinical studies have indicated the potential hepatoprotective properties of cocoa/chocolate. However, clinical research on the consumption of cocoa/chocola...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1257969/full |
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| author | Chayanis Kositamongkol Chayanis Kositamongkol Sorawis Ngaohirunpat Supawit Samchusri Thanet Chaisathaphol Weerachai Srivanichakorn Chaiwat Washirasaksiri Chonticha Auesomwang Tullaya Sitasuwan Rungsima Tinmanee Naruemit Sayabovorn Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya Pochamana Phisalprapa |
| author_facet | Chayanis Kositamongkol Chayanis Kositamongkol Sorawis Ngaohirunpat Supawit Samchusri Thanet Chaisathaphol Weerachai Srivanichakorn Chaiwat Washirasaksiri Chonticha Auesomwang Tullaya Sitasuwan Rungsima Tinmanee Naruemit Sayabovorn Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya Pochamana Phisalprapa |
| author_sort | Chayanis Kositamongkol |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionPrevious research has examined the association between coffee and tea consumption and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Preclinical studies have indicated the potential hepatoprotective properties of cocoa/chocolate. However, clinical research on the consumption of cocoa/chocolate and soft drinks and their relation to NAFLD, particularly among individuals with metabolic syndrome, is limited. This study primarily aimed to assess the association between beverage consumption and NAFLD in these patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled adult patients with metabolic syndrome visited the Medicine Outpatient Department at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, from November 2011 to January 2013. The exclusion criteria were secondary causes of hepatic steatosis, such as excessive alcohol use, viral hepatitis, or drug-induced hepatitis. Participants completed a 23-item self-administered questionnaire covering their beverage consumption habits, including type, frequency, volume, duration, and additives in drinks, namely, coffee, tea, cocoa/chocolate, and soft drinks. To ensure accurate responses, these questionnaires were supplemented by face-to-face interviews. Ultrasonography was employed early in the methodology to diagnose NAFLD. Univariable analyses were used to compare the beverage consumption behaviors of participants with and without NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, including total beverage energy intake, age, anthropometric data, laboratory results, and comorbidities.ResultsThis study included 505 patients with metabolic syndrome. Of these, 341 (67.5%, 95%CI: 63.2–71.6%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. The consumption rates of coffee, cocoa/chocolate, and soft drinks were similar between the two groups. However, tea consumption was significantly more common in patients with NAFLD (68.3% vs. 51.8%, p < 0.001). The groups had no significant differences in caffeine intake or total energy intake from beverages. Notably, daily intake of three or more cups of coffee was correlated with a reduced prevalence of NAFLD, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.35 (95%CI: 0.14–0.89).ConclusionThis study revealed that patients with metabolic syndrome, irrespective of NAFLD status, exhibited similar patterns of beverage consumption. While no definitive associations were identified between the intake of coffee, tea, cocoa/chocolate, or soft drinks and NAFLD, a notable exception was observed. A higher consumption of coffee (≥3 cups daily) was associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T12:30:36Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf1e7f72129d4ea78b92666a2c91777e2024-01-22T04:39:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2024-01-011110.3389/fnut.2024.12579691257969Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional studyChayanis Kositamongkol0Chayanis Kositamongkol1Sorawis Ngaohirunpat2Supawit Samchusri3Thanet Chaisathaphol4Weerachai Srivanichakorn5Chaiwat Washirasaksiri6Chonticha Auesomwang7Tullaya Sitasuwan8Rungsima Tinmanee9Naruemit Sayabovorn10Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya11Pochamana Phisalprapa12Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, ThailandFaculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandFaculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandIntroductionPrevious research has examined the association between coffee and tea consumption and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Preclinical studies have indicated the potential hepatoprotective properties of cocoa/chocolate. However, clinical research on the consumption of cocoa/chocolate and soft drinks and their relation to NAFLD, particularly among individuals with metabolic syndrome, is limited. This study primarily aimed to assess the association between beverage consumption and NAFLD in these patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled adult patients with metabolic syndrome visited the Medicine Outpatient Department at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, from November 2011 to January 2013. The exclusion criteria were secondary causes of hepatic steatosis, such as excessive alcohol use, viral hepatitis, or drug-induced hepatitis. Participants completed a 23-item self-administered questionnaire covering their beverage consumption habits, including type, frequency, volume, duration, and additives in drinks, namely, coffee, tea, cocoa/chocolate, and soft drinks. To ensure accurate responses, these questionnaires were supplemented by face-to-face interviews. Ultrasonography was employed early in the methodology to diagnose NAFLD. Univariable analyses were used to compare the beverage consumption behaviors of participants with and without NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, including total beverage energy intake, age, anthropometric data, laboratory results, and comorbidities.ResultsThis study included 505 patients with metabolic syndrome. Of these, 341 (67.5%, 95%CI: 63.2–71.6%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. The consumption rates of coffee, cocoa/chocolate, and soft drinks were similar between the two groups. However, tea consumption was significantly more common in patients with NAFLD (68.3% vs. 51.8%, p < 0.001). The groups had no significant differences in caffeine intake or total energy intake from beverages. Notably, daily intake of three or more cups of coffee was correlated with a reduced prevalence of NAFLD, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.35 (95%CI: 0.14–0.89).ConclusionThis study revealed that patients with metabolic syndrome, irrespective of NAFLD status, exhibited similar patterns of beverage consumption. While no definitive associations were identified between the intake of coffee, tea, cocoa/chocolate, or soft drinks and NAFLD, a notable exception was observed. A higher consumption of coffee (≥3 cups daily) was associated with a lower prevalence of NAFLD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1257969/fullcaffeinecocoacoffeefibrosismetabolic syndromenon-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| spellingShingle | Chayanis Kositamongkol Chayanis Kositamongkol Sorawis Ngaohirunpat Supawit Samchusri Thanet Chaisathaphol Weerachai Srivanichakorn Chaiwat Washirasaksiri Chonticha Auesomwang Tullaya Sitasuwan Rungsima Tinmanee Naruemit Sayabovorn Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya Pochamana Phisalprapa Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study Frontiers in Nutrition caffeine cocoa coffee fibrosis metabolic syndrome non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| title | Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | beverage consumption in patients with metabolic syndrome and its association with non alcoholic fatty liver disease a cross sectional study |
| topic | caffeine cocoa coffee fibrosis metabolic syndrome non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1257969/full |
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