Assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern Malawi: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Abstract Background Due to outdoor and residual transmission and insecticide resistance, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) will be insufficient as stand-alone malaria vector control interventions in many settings as programmes shift toward malaria elimination....
| Asıl Yazarlar: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Materyal Türü: | Makale |
| Dil: | English |
| Baskı/Yayın Bilgisi: |
BMC
2017-09-01
|
| Seri Bilgileri: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Konular: | |
| Online Erişim: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-017-2749-2 |
| _version_ | 1828786286069022720 |
|---|---|
| author | Robert S. McCann Henk van den Berg Peter J. Diggle Michèle van Vugt Dianne J. Terlouw Kamija S. Phiri Aurelio Di Pasquale Nicolas Maire Steven Gowelo Monicah M. Mburu Alinune N. Kabaghe Themba Mzilahowa Michael G. Chipeta Willem Takken |
| author_facet | Robert S. McCann Henk van den Berg Peter J. Diggle Michèle van Vugt Dianne J. Terlouw Kamija S. Phiri Aurelio Di Pasquale Nicolas Maire Steven Gowelo Monicah M. Mburu Alinune N. Kabaghe Themba Mzilahowa Michael G. Chipeta Willem Takken |
| author_sort | Robert S. McCann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Due to outdoor and residual transmission and insecticide resistance, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) will be insufficient as stand-alone malaria vector control interventions in many settings as programmes shift toward malaria elimination. Combining additional vector control interventions as part of an integrated strategy would potentially overcome these challenges. Larval source management (LSM) and structural house improvements (HI) are appealing as additional components of an integrated vector management plan because of their long histories of use, evidence on effectiveness in appropriate settings, and unique modes of action compared to LLINs and IRS. Implementation of LSM and HI through a community-based approach could provide a path for rolling-out these interventions sustainably and on a large scale. Methods/design We will implement community-based LSM and HI, as additional interventions to the current national malaria control strategies, using a randomised block, 2 × 2 factorial, cluster-randomised design in rural, southern Malawi. These interventions will be continued for two years. The trial catchment area covers about 25,000 people living in 65 villages. Community participation is encouraged by training community volunteers as health animators, and supporting the organisation of village-level committees in collaboration with The Hunger Project, a non-governmental organisation. Household-level cross-sectional surveys, including parasitological and entomological sampling, will be conducted on a rolling, 2-monthly schedule to measure outcomes over two years (2016 to 2018). Coverage of LSM and HI will also be assessed throughout the trial area. Discussion Combining LSM and/or HI together with the interventions currently implemented by the Malawi National Malaria Control Programme is anticipated to reduce malaria transmission below the level reached by current interventions alone. Implementation of LSM and HI through a community-based approach provides an opportunity for optimum adaptation to the local ecological and social setting, and enhances the potential for sustainability. Trial Registration Registered with The Pan African Clinical Trials Registry on 3 March 2016, trial number PACTR201604001501493. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:08:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf1fb50816a84c50bccd7619e331bddb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:08:40Z |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf1fb50816a84c50bccd7619e331bddb2022-12-22T00:45:03ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342017-09-0117111510.1186/s12879-017-2749-2Assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern Malawi: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trialRobert S. McCann0Henk van den Berg1Peter J. Diggle2Michèle van Vugt3Dianne J. Terlouw4Kamija S. Phiri5Aurelio Di Pasquale6Nicolas Maire7Steven Gowelo8Monicah M. Mburu9Alinune N. Kabaghe10Themba Mzilahowa11Michael G. Chipeta12Willem Takken13Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen University and ResearchLancaster UniversityAcademic Medical Centre, University of AmsterdamLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineCollege of Medicine, University of MalawiDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteCollege of Medicine, University of MalawiWageningen University and ResearchCollege of Medicine, University of MalawiCollege of Medicine, University of MalawiCollege of Medicine, University of MalawiWageningen University and ResearchAbstract Background Due to outdoor and residual transmission and insecticide resistance, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) will be insufficient as stand-alone malaria vector control interventions in many settings as programmes shift toward malaria elimination. Combining additional vector control interventions as part of an integrated strategy would potentially overcome these challenges. Larval source management (LSM) and structural house improvements (HI) are appealing as additional components of an integrated vector management plan because of their long histories of use, evidence on effectiveness in appropriate settings, and unique modes of action compared to LLINs and IRS. Implementation of LSM and HI through a community-based approach could provide a path for rolling-out these interventions sustainably and on a large scale. Methods/design We will implement community-based LSM and HI, as additional interventions to the current national malaria control strategies, using a randomised block, 2 × 2 factorial, cluster-randomised design in rural, southern Malawi. These interventions will be continued for two years. The trial catchment area covers about 25,000 people living in 65 villages. Community participation is encouraged by training community volunteers as health animators, and supporting the organisation of village-level committees in collaboration with The Hunger Project, a non-governmental organisation. Household-level cross-sectional surveys, including parasitological and entomological sampling, will be conducted on a rolling, 2-monthly schedule to measure outcomes over two years (2016 to 2018). Coverage of LSM and HI will also be assessed throughout the trial area. Discussion Combining LSM and/or HI together with the interventions currently implemented by the Malawi National Malaria Control Programme is anticipated to reduce malaria transmission below the level reached by current interventions alone. Implementation of LSM and HI through a community-based approach provides an opportunity for optimum adaptation to the local ecological and social setting, and enhances the potential for sustainability. Trial Registration Registered with The Pan African Clinical Trials Registry on 3 March 2016, trial number PACTR201604001501493.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-017-2749-2Anopheles mosquitoesIntegrated vector managementLarval source managementHouse improvementVector controlMalaria transmission |
| spellingShingle | Robert S. McCann Henk van den Berg Peter J. Diggle Michèle van Vugt Dianne J. Terlouw Kamija S. Phiri Aurelio Di Pasquale Nicolas Maire Steven Gowelo Monicah M. Mburu Alinune N. Kabaghe Themba Mzilahowa Michael G. Chipeta Willem Takken Assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern Malawi: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial BMC Infectious Diseases Anopheles mosquitoes Integrated vector management Larval source management House improvement Vector control Malaria transmission |
| title | Assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern Malawi: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_full | Assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern Malawi: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern Malawi: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern Malawi: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_short | Assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern Malawi: study protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial |
| title_sort | assessment of the effect of larval source management and house improvement on malaria transmission when added to standard malaria control strategies in southern malawi study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial |
| topic | Anopheles mosquitoes Integrated vector management Larval source management House improvement Vector control Malaria transmission |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-017-2749-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT robertsmccann assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT henkvandenberg assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT peterjdiggle assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT michelevanvugt assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT diannejterlouw assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT kamijasphiri assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT aureliodipasquale assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT nicolasmaire assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT stevengowelo assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT monicahmmburu assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT alinunenkabaghe assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT thembamzilahowa assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT michaelgchipeta assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial AT willemtakken assessmentoftheeffectoflarvalsourcemanagementandhouseimprovementonmalariatransmissionwhenaddedtostandardmalariacontrolstrategiesinsouthernmalawistudyprotocolforaclusterrandomisedcontrolledtrial |