Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Profiling of the Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Causing Bovine Mastitis from India
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is an opportunistic bacterium known to cause severe infections in humans and animals. It is one of the major bacteria causing subclinical and clinical mastitis, leading to significant economic losses in livestock industry. In this study, we have isolated and...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/833 |
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| author | Umarani Brahma Akash Suresh Shweta Murthy Vasundhra Bhandari Paresh Sharma |
| author_facet | Umarani Brahma Akash Suresh Shweta Murthy Vasundhra Bhandari Paresh Sharma |
| author_sort | Umarani Brahma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is an opportunistic bacterium known to cause severe infections in humans and animals. It is one of the major bacteria causing subclinical and clinical mastitis, leading to significant economic losses in livestock industry. In this study, we have isolated and characterized 80 <i>S. aureus</i> clinical isolates from mastitis-infected animals. The analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility, molecular typing, biofilm production and genetic determinants was performed to understand molecular and phenotypic features of the prevalent pathogen. Our antibiotic susceptibility assays showed the majority (57.5%) of isolates to be multidrug-resistant (MDR), 38.75% resistant and 3.75% sensitive. We found 25% isolates to be methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) based on oxacillin susceptibility assays. In the MRSA group, maximum isolates (95%) were MDR compared to 45% in MSSA. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed 15 different STs; ST-97 was the most common ST, followed by ST-2459, ST-1, ST-9 and ST-72. The <i>agr</i> typing showed <i>agr</i>-I as the most common type, followed by type II and III. Most isolates developed biofilms, which ranged in intensity from strong to weak. The presence or absence of lukS, a virulence-related gene, was found to have a substantial relationship with the biofilm phenotype. However, no significant association was found between biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance or other virulence genes. We also found four MRSA isolates that were <i>mecA</i> negative based on molecular assays. Our findings reveal the prevalence of multidrug-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> clinical isolates in India that are biofilm positive and have critical genetic factors for disease pathogenesis causing bovine mastitis. This study emphasizes the need for the comprehensive surveillance of <i>S. aureus</i> and other mastitis-causing pathogens to control the disease effectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:23:17Z |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf234bba7a4c49958730867418a465a22023-12-03T13:45:22ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-04-0110483310.3390/microorganisms10040833Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Profiling of the Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Causing Bovine Mastitis from IndiaUmarani Brahma0Akash Suresh1Shweta Murthy2Vasundhra Bhandari3Paresh Sharma4Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, IndiaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, IndiaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, IndiaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, IndiaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, India<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is an opportunistic bacterium known to cause severe infections in humans and animals. It is one of the major bacteria causing subclinical and clinical mastitis, leading to significant economic losses in livestock industry. In this study, we have isolated and characterized 80 <i>S. aureus</i> clinical isolates from mastitis-infected animals. The analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility, molecular typing, biofilm production and genetic determinants was performed to understand molecular and phenotypic features of the prevalent pathogen. Our antibiotic susceptibility assays showed the majority (57.5%) of isolates to be multidrug-resistant (MDR), 38.75% resistant and 3.75% sensitive. We found 25% isolates to be methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) based on oxacillin susceptibility assays. In the MRSA group, maximum isolates (95%) were MDR compared to 45% in MSSA. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed 15 different STs; ST-97 was the most common ST, followed by ST-2459, ST-1, ST-9 and ST-72. The <i>agr</i> typing showed <i>agr</i>-I as the most common type, followed by type II and III. Most isolates developed biofilms, which ranged in intensity from strong to weak. The presence or absence of lukS, a virulence-related gene, was found to have a substantial relationship with the biofilm phenotype. However, no significant association was found between biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance or other virulence genes. We also found four MRSA isolates that were <i>mecA</i> negative based on molecular assays. Our findings reveal the prevalence of multidrug-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> clinical isolates in India that are biofilm positive and have critical genetic factors for disease pathogenesis causing bovine mastitis. This study emphasizes the need for the comprehensive surveillance of <i>S. aureus</i> and other mastitis-causing pathogens to control the disease effectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/833bovine mastitisMRSAbiofilmantimicrobial susceptibilitymultidrug-resistancevirulence |
| spellingShingle | Umarani Brahma Akash Suresh Shweta Murthy Vasundhra Bhandari Paresh Sharma Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Profiling of the Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Causing Bovine Mastitis from India Microorganisms bovine mastitis MRSA biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility multidrug-resistance virulence |
| title | Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Profiling of the Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Causing Bovine Mastitis from India |
| title_full | Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Profiling of the Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Causing Bovine Mastitis from India |
| title_fullStr | Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Profiling of the Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Causing Bovine Mastitis from India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Profiling of the Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Causing Bovine Mastitis from India |
| title_short | Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Profiling of the Clinical Isolates of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Causing Bovine Mastitis from India |
| title_sort | antibiotic resistance and molecular profiling of the clinical isolates of i staphylococcus aureus i causing bovine mastitis from india |
| topic | bovine mastitis MRSA biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility multidrug-resistance virulence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/833 |
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