Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure
Novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were recently identified in drinking water sources throughout North Carolina. These include the perfluoroether acids (PFEAs) perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid (PFMOAA), perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMOPrA), and perfluoro-4-methoxybutanioc acid (PF...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/5/100 |
| _version_ | 1827693585257988096 |
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| author | Tracey Woodlief Samuel Vance Qing Hu Jamie DeWitt |
| author_facet | Tracey Woodlief Samuel Vance Qing Hu Jamie DeWitt |
| author_sort | Tracey Woodlief |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Novel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were recently identified in drinking water sources throughout North Carolina. These include the perfluoroether acids (PFEAs) perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid (PFMOAA), perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMOPrA), and perfluoro-4-methoxybutanioc acid (PFMOBA). Little toxicological data exist for these PFEAs. Therefore, the present study described signs of toxicity and immunotoxicity following oral exposure. Adult male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed once/day for 30 days to PFMOAA (0, 0.00025, 0.025, or 2.5 mg/kg), PFMOPrA, or PFMOBA (0, 0.5, 5, or 50 mg/kg). A dose of 7.5 mg/kg of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was used as a positive control. Terminal body weights, and absolute liver, spleen, or thymus weights did not differ by dose for any compound; exposure to 50 mg/kg of PFMOBA increased relative liver weights in males. Changes in splenic cellularity were observed in males exposed to PFMOPrA and decreased numbers of B and natural killer (NK) cells were observed in males and females exposed to PFMOBA. Exposure did not alter NK cell cytotoxicity or T cell-dependent antibody responses at doses administered. Our results indicate that these “understudied” PFAS have toxicological potential but require additional investigation across endpoints and species, including humans, to understand health effects via drinking water exposure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:46:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf24b0e5887c46c28111248bd2ee7727 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:46:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf24b0e5887c46c28111248bd2ee77272023-11-21T18:05:08ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042021-05-019510010.3390/toxics9050100Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS ExposureTracey Woodlief0Samuel Vance1Qing Hu2Jamie DeWitt3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USANovel per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were recently identified in drinking water sources throughout North Carolina. These include the perfluoroether acids (PFEAs) perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid (PFMOAA), perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMOPrA), and perfluoro-4-methoxybutanioc acid (PFMOBA). Little toxicological data exist for these PFEAs. Therefore, the present study described signs of toxicity and immunotoxicity following oral exposure. Adult male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed once/day for 30 days to PFMOAA (0, 0.00025, 0.025, or 2.5 mg/kg), PFMOPrA, or PFMOBA (0, 0.5, 5, or 50 mg/kg). A dose of 7.5 mg/kg of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was used as a positive control. Terminal body weights, and absolute liver, spleen, or thymus weights did not differ by dose for any compound; exposure to 50 mg/kg of PFMOBA increased relative liver weights in males. Changes in splenic cellularity were observed in males exposed to PFMOPrA and decreased numbers of B and natural killer (NK) cells were observed in males and females exposed to PFMOBA. Exposure did not alter NK cell cytotoxicity or T cell-dependent antibody responses at doses administered. Our results indicate that these “understudied” PFAS have toxicological potential but require additional investigation across endpoints and species, including humans, to understand health effects via drinking water exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/5/100PFAS: per- and polyfluoroalkyl substancePFOA: perfluorooctanoic acidPFOS: perfluorooctane sulfonic acidPFMOAA: perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acidPFMOPrA: perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acidPFMOBA: perfluoro-4-methoxybutanioc acid |
| spellingShingle | Tracey Woodlief Samuel Vance Qing Hu Jamie DeWitt Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure Toxics PFAS: per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance PFOA: perfluorooctanoic acid PFOS: perfluorooctane sulfonic acid PFMOAA: perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid PFMOPrA: perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acid PFMOBA: perfluoro-4-methoxybutanioc acid |
| title | Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure |
| title_full | Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure |
| title_fullStr | Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure |
| title_short | Immunotoxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Insights into Short-Chain PFAS Exposure |
| title_sort | immunotoxicity of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances insights into short chain pfas exposure |
| topic | PFAS: per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance PFOA: perfluorooctanoic acid PFOS: perfluorooctane sulfonic acid PFMOAA: perfluoro-2-methoxyacetic acid PFMOPrA: perfluoro-2-methoxypropanoic acid PFMOBA: perfluoro-4-methoxybutanioc acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/9/5/100 |
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