Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless Applications
The antenna pattern synthesis is one of the significant problems in the phased array antenna. Pattern synthesis refers to the optimized weight excitation of each antenna element in order to steer the beam electronically without mechanically rotating the antenna. It can be achieved by using a combina...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Hindawi Limited
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1741454 |
| _version_ | 1798001097784164352 |
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| author | Norun Abdul Malek Rob D. Seager James A. Flint Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin |
| author_facet | Norun Abdul Malek Rob D. Seager James A. Flint Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin |
| author_sort | Norun Abdul Malek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The antenna pattern synthesis is one of the significant problems in the phased array antenna. Pattern synthesis refers to the optimized weight excitation of each antenna element in order to steer the beam electronically without mechanically rotating the antenna. It can be achieved by using a combination of phase shifters and attenuator circuits. In this paper, a 2 by 2 dipole antennas with an RF beamforming circuit has been designed to steer the main beam along the azimuth plane. The main beam coverage from 100° to 140° with a step size of 10° has been successfully optimized using a hybrid of the induced EMF method and a genetic algorithm. The optimization results were compared to the full-wave simulation technique implemented in Empire XCCel. The design is realistically implemented at 2.45 GHz, with both simulation and measurement results shown. The measured reflection coefficient of the phased array antenna is −48 dB at 2.56 GHz. The feasibility of the beam synthesis has been validated successfully with the main beam being steered at 110°. The possibility of a fabrication discrepancy resulting in minor radiation degradation is also discussed in this research. The dipole antenna system with RF beamformer circuit can be applied to indoor positioning systems such as Wi-Fi, wireless local area network (WLAN), and fifth-generation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:30:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf2945c4397c428a9c36b76fd058a854 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1687-5877 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:30:42Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Hindawi Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf2945c4397c428a9c36b76fd058a8542022-12-22T04:26:09ZengHindawi LimitedInternational Journal of Antennas and Propagation1687-58772022-01-01202210.1155/2022/1741454Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless ApplicationsNorun Abdul Malek0Rob D. Seager1James A. Flint2Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin3MicrowaveWolfson School of MechanicalWolfson School of MechanicalAdvanced Telecommunication Research Center (ATRC)The antenna pattern synthesis is one of the significant problems in the phased array antenna. Pattern synthesis refers to the optimized weight excitation of each antenna element in order to steer the beam electronically without mechanically rotating the antenna. It can be achieved by using a combination of phase shifters and attenuator circuits. In this paper, a 2 by 2 dipole antennas with an RF beamforming circuit has been designed to steer the main beam along the azimuth plane. The main beam coverage from 100° to 140° with a step size of 10° has been successfully optimized using a hybrid of the induced EMF method and a genetic algorithm. The optimization results were compared to the full-wave simulation technique implemented in Empire XCCel. The design is realistically implemented at 2.45 GHz, with both simulation and measurement results shown. The measured reflection coefficient of the phased array antenna is −48 dB at 2.56 GHz. The feasibility of the beam synthesis has been validated successfully with the main beam being steered at 110°. The possibility of a fabrication discrepancy resulting in minor radiation degradation is also discussed in this research. The dipole antenna system with RF beamformer circuit can be applied to indoor positioning systems such as Wi-Fi, wireless local area network (WLAN), and fifth-generation.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1741454 |
| spellingShingle | Norun Abdul Malek Rob D. Seager James A. Flint Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless Applications International Journal of Antennas and Propagation |
| title | Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless Applications |
| title_full | Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless Applications |
| title_fullStr | Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless Applications |
| title_short | Analysis, Optimization, and Hardware Implementation of Dipole Antenna Array for Wireless Applications |
| title_sort | analysis optimization and hardware implementation of dipole antenna array for wireless applications |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1741454 |
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