Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus,</i> Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium
Juvenile <i>P</i><i>aralichthys olivaceus</i> were exposed to waterborne hexavalent chromium at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) for 10 days. After chromium exposure, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase, which are oxidative s...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| author | Ju-Wook Lee Jun-Hwan Kim Deok-Chan Lee Hyun-Jeong Lim Ju-Chan Kang |
| author_facet | Ju-Wook Lee Jun-Hwan Kim Deok-Chan Lee Hyun-Jeong Lim Ju-Chan Kang |
| author_sort | Ju-Wook Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Juvenile <i>P</i><i>aralichthys olivaceus</i> were exposed to waterborne hexavalent chromium at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) for 10 days. After chromium exposure, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase, which are oxidative stress indicators, were significantly increased; however, the glutathione level was significantly reduced. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a neurotoxicity marker was significantly inhibited upon chromium exposure. Other stress indicators, including plasma cortisol and heat shock protein 70, were significantly increased. The immune response markers (lysozyme and immunoglobulin M) were significantly decreased after chromium exposure. These results suggest that exposure to environmental toxicity in the form of waterborne chromium at concentrations higher than 1.0 mg/L causes significant alterations in antioxidant responses, neurotransmitters, stress, and immune responses in juvenile olive flounders. This study will provide a basis for an accurate assessment of the toxic effects of hexavalent chromium on aquatic organisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:18:48Z |
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| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:18:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cf36f7df6398489b9292bc4fa78be7f72023-11-23T10:08:09ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-05-0111576610.3390/biology11050766Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus,</i> Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent ChromiumJu-Wook Lee0Jun-Hwan Kim1Deok-Chan Lee2Hyun-Jeong Lim3Ju-Chan Kang4West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon 22383, KoreaDepartment of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, KoreaAquaculture Industry Research Division, South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu 59780, KoreaAquaculture Industry Research Division, South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu 59780, KoreaDepartment of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, KoreaJuvenile <i>P</i><i>aralichthys olivaceus</i> were exposed to waterborne hexavalent chromium at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) for 10 days. After chromium exposure, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase, which are oxidative stress indicators, were significantly increased; however, the glutathione level was significantly reduced. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a neurotoxicity marker was significantly inhibited upon chromium exposure. Other stress indicators, including plasma cortisol and heat shock protein 70, were significantly increased. The immune response markers (lysozyme and immunoglobulin M) were significantly decreased after chromium exposure. These results suggest that exposure to environmental toxicity in the form of waterborne chromium at concentrations higher than 1.0 mg/L causes significant alterations in antioxidant responses, neurotransmitters, stress, and immune responses in juvenile olive flounders. This study will provide a basis for an accurate assessment of the toxic effects of hexavalent chromium on aquatic organisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/5/766hexavalent chromiumantioxidant responsesneurotransmitterstress responsesimmune responses |
| spellingShingle | Ju-Wook Lee Jun-Hwan Kim Deok-Chan Lee Hyun-Jeong Lim Ju-Chan Kang Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus,</i> Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium Biology hexavalent chromium antioxidant responses neurotransmitter stress responses immune responses |
| title | Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus,</i> Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium |
| title_full | Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus,</i> Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium |
| title_fullStr | Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus,</i> Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus,</i> Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium |
| title_short | Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, <i>Paralichthys olivaceus,</i> Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium |
| title_sort | toxic effects on oxidative stress neurotoxicity stress and immune responses in juvenile olive flounder i paralichthys olivaceus i exposed to waterborne hexavalent chromium |
| topic | hexavalent chromium antioxidant responses neurotransmitter stress responses immune responses |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/5/766 |
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