First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts
In 2015, tetrodotoxins (TTXs) were considered a potential threat in Europe since several studies had shown the presence of these toxins in European bivalve molluscs. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of TTXs in 127 bivalve samples (mussels and oysters) and in 66 gastropod samples (whelks...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/9/599 |
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| author | Vincent Hort Nathalie Arnich Thierry Guérin Gwenaëlle Lavison-Bompard Marina Nicolas |
| author_facet | Vincent Hort Nathalie Arnich Thierry Guérin Gwenaëlle Lavison-Bompard Marina Nicolas |
| author_sort | Vincent Hort |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In 2015, tetrodotoxins (TTXs) were considered a potential threat in Europe since several studies had shown the presence of these toxins in European bivalve molluscs. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of TTXs in 127 bivalve samples (mussels and oysters) and in 66 gastropod samples (whelks) collected all along the French mainland coasts in 2017 and 2018. Analyses were carried out after optimization and in-house validation of a performing hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography associated with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) method. The concentration set by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) not expected to result in adverse effects (44 µg TTX equivalent/kg) was never exceeded, but TTX was detected in three mussel samples and one whelk sample (1.7–11.2 µg/kg). The tissue distribution of TTX in this whelk sample showed higher concentrations in the digestive gland, stomach and gonads (7.4 µg TTX/kg) than in the rest of the whelk tissues (below the limit of detection of 1.7 µg TTX/kg). This is the first study to report the detection of TTX in French molluscs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:18:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf3b62cee561412dbb6ea860cd9c8b52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:18:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf3b62cee561412dbb6ea860cd9c8b522023-11-20T13:57:52ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512020-09-0112959910.3390/toxins12090599First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland CoastsVincent Hort0Nathalie Arnich1Thierry Guérin2Gwenaëlle Lavison-Bompard3Marina Nicolas4Université Paris-Est, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, FranceANSES, Risk Assessment Directorate, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, FranceUniversité Paris-Est, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, FranceUniversité Paris-Est, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, FranceUniversité Paris-Est, ANSES, Laboratory for Food Safety, F-94701 Maisons-Alfort, FranceIn 2015, tetrodotoxins (TTXs) were considered a potential threat in Europe since several studies had shown the presence of these toxins in European bivalve molluscs. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of TTXs in 127 bivalve samples (mussels and oysters) and in 66 gastropod samples (whelks) collected all along the French mainland coasts in 2017 and 2018. Analyses were carried out after optimization and in-house validation of a performing hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography associated with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) method. The concentration set by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) not expected to result in adverse effects (44 µg TTX equivalent/kg) was never exceeded, but TTX was detected in three mussel samples and one whelk sample (1.7–11.2 µg/kg). The tissue distribution of TTX in this whelk sample showed higher concentrations in the digestive gland, stomach and gonads (7.4 µg TTX/kg) than in the rest of the whelk tissues (below the limit of detection of 1.7 µg TTX/kg). This is the first study to report the detection of TTX in French molluscs.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/9/599tetrodotoxins (TTXs)bivalve molluscsgastropodshydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography associated with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS)tetrodotoxin shellfish poisoning (TSP) |
| spellingShingle | Vincent Hort Nathalie Arnich Thierry Guérin Gwenaëlle Lavison-Bompard Marina Nicolas First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts Toxins tetrodotoxins (TTXs) bivalve molluscs gastropods hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography associated with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) tetrodotoxin shellfish poisoning (TSP) |
| title | First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts |
| title_full | First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts |
| title_fullStr | First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts |
| title_full_unstemmed | First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts |
| title_short | First Detection of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from the French Mainland Coasts |
| title_sort | first detection of tetrodotoxin in bivalves and gastropods from the french mainland coasts |
| topic | tetrodotoxins (TTXs) bivalve molluscs gastropods hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography associated with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) tetrodotoxin shellfish poisoning (TSP) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/9/599 |
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