Environmental Consequences of Rubber Crumb Application: Soil and Water Pollution
End-of-life tires are utilized for various purposes, including sports pitches and playground surfaces. However, several substances used at the manufacture of tires can be a source of concerns related to human health or environment’s adverse effects. In this context, it is necessary to map whether th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Polymers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/7/1416 |
| _version_ | 1797437945301434368 |
|---|---|
| author | Jan Fořt Klára Kobetičová Martin Böhm Jan Podlesný Veronika Jelínková Martina Vachtlová Filip Bureš Robert Černý |
| author_facet | Jan Fořt Klára Kobetičová Martin Böhm Jan Podlesný Veronika Jelínková Martina Vachtlová Filip Bureš Robert Černý |
| author_sort | Jan Fořt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | End-of-life tires are utilized for various purposes, including sports pitches and playground surfaces. However, several substances used at the manufacture of tires can be a source of concerns related to human health or environment’s adverse effects. In this context, it is necessary to map whether this approach has the desired effect in a broader relation. While the negative effects on human health were investigated thoroughly and legislation is currently being revisited, the impact on aquatic or soil organisms has not been sufficiently studied. The present study deals with the exposure of freshwater and soil organisms to rubber crumb using the analysis of heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations. The obtained results refer to substantial concerns related to freshwater contamination specifically, since the increased concentrations of zinc (7 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (58 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup>) inhibit the growth of freshwater organisms, <i>Desmodesmus subspicatus</i>, and <i>Lemna minor</i> in particular. The performed test with soil organisms points to substantial concerns associated with the mortality of earthworms as well. The acquired knowledge can be perceived as a roadmap to a consistent approach in the implementation of the circular economy, which brings with it a number of so far insufficiently described problems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:29:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf3d552e118e4d9080a577fb36b62918 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:29:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf3d552e118e4d9080a577fb36b629182023-11-30T23:54:07ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-03-01147141610.3390/polym14071416Environmental Consequences of Rubber Crumb Application: Soil and Water PollutionJan Fořt0Klára Kobetičová1Martin Böhm2Jan Podlesný3Veronika Jelínková4Martina Vachtlová5Filip Bureš6Robert Černý7Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague 6, Czech RepublicDepartment of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague 6, Czech RepublicDepartment of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague 6, Czech RepublicInstitute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Okružní 517/10, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicInstitute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Okružní 517/10, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicInstitute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Okružní 517/10, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicInstitute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Okružní 517/10, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicDepartment of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague 6, Czech RepublicEnd-of-life tires are utilized for various purposes, including sports pitches and playground surfaces. However, several substances used at the manufacture of tires can be a source of concerns related to human health or environment’s adverse effects. In this context, it is necessary to map whether this approach has the desired effect in a broader relation. While the negative effects on human health were investigated thoroughly and legislation is currently being revisited, the impact on aquatic or soil organisms has not been sufficiently studied. The present study deals with the exposure of freshwater and soil organisms to rubber crumb using the analysis of heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations. The obtained results refer to substantial concerns related to freshwater contamination specifically, since the increased concentrations of zinc (7 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (58 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup>) inhibit the growth of freshwater organisms, <i>Desmodesmus subspicatus</i>, and <i>Lemna minor</i> in particular. The performed test with soil organisms points to substantial concerns associated with the mortality of earthworms as well. The acquired knowledge can be perceived as a roadmap to a consistent approach in the implementation of the circular economy, which brings with it a number of so far insufficiently described problems.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/7/1416rubber crumbtirepolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonszincecotoxicitywater pollution |
| spellingShingle | Jan Fořt Klára Kobetičová Martin Böhm Jan Podlesný Veronika Jelínková Martina Vachtlová Filip Bureš Robert Černý Environmental Consequences of Rubber Crumb Application: Soil and Water Pollution Polymers rubber crumb tire polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons zinc ecotoxicity water pollution |
| title | Environmental Consequences of Rubber Crumb Application: Soil and Water Pollution |
| title_full | Environmental Consequences of Rubber Crumb Application: Soil and Water Pollution |
| title_fullStr | Environmental Consequences of Rubber Crumb Application: Soil and Water Pollution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental Consequences of Rubber Crumb Application: Soil and Water Pollution |
| title_short | Environmental Consequences of Rubber Crumb Application: Soil and Water Pollution |
| title_sort | environmental consequences of rubber crumb application soil and water pollution |
| topic | rubber crumb tire polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons zinc ecotoxicity water pollution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/7/1416 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT janfort environmentalconsequencesofrubbercrumbapplicationsoilandwaterpollution AT klarakobeticova environmentalconsequencesofrubbercrumbapplicationsoilandwaterpollution AT martinbohm environmentalconsequencesofrubbercrumbapplicationsoilandwaterpollution AT janpodlesny environmentalconsequencesofrubbercrumbapplicationsoilandwaterpollution AT veronikajelinkova environmentalconsequencesofrubbercrumbapplicationsoilandwaterpollution AT martinavachtlova environmentalconsequencesofrubbercrumbapplicationsoilandwaterpollution AT filipbures environmentalconsequencesofrubbercrumbapplicationsoilandwaterpollution AT robertcerny environmentalconsequencesofrubbercrumbapplicationsoilandwaterpollution |