Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease Diagnosis
Nanobiosensors are devices that utilize a very small probe and any form of electrical, optical, or magnetic technology to detect and analyze a biochemical or biological process. With an increasing population today, nanobiosensors have become the broadly used electroanalytical tools for the timely de...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/2/166 |
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| author | Nandita Singh Daphika S. Dkhar Pranjal Chandra Uday Pratap Azad |
| author_facet | Nandita Singh Daphika S. Dkhar Pranjal Chandra Uday Pratap Azad |
| author_sort | Nandita Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanobiosensors are devices that utilize a very small probe and any form of electrical, optical, or magnetic technology to detect and analyze a biochemical or biological process. With an increasing population today, nanobiosensors have become the broadly used electroanalytical tools for the timely detection of many infectious (dengue, hepatitis, tuberculosis, leukemia, etc.) and other fatal diseases, such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, etc., at their early stage. Compared to classical or traditional analytical methods, nanobiosensors have significant benefits, including low detection limit, high selectivity and sensitivity, shorter analysis duration, easier portability, biocompatibility, and ease of miniaturization for on-site monitoring. Very similar to biosensors, nanobiosensors can also be classified in numerous ways, either depending on biological molecules, such as enzymes, antibodies, and aptamer, or by working principles, such as optical and electrochemical. Various nanobiosensors, such as cyclic voltametric, amperometric, impedimetric, etc., have been discussed for the timely monitoring of the infectious and fatal diseases at their early stage. Nanobiosensors performance and efficiency can be enhanced by using a variety of engineered nanostructures, which include nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanopores, self-adhesive monolayers, nanowires, and nanocomposites. Here, this mini review recaps the application of two-dimensional (2D) materials, especially graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>), graphene oxide, black phosphorous, and MXenes, for the construction of the nanobiosensors and their application for the diagnosis of various infectious diseases at very early stage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:05:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf4a6a07a79e45eeaa9b94c97cf13f15 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:05:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf4a6a07a79e45eeaa9b94c97cf13f152023-11-16T19:24:57ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742023-01-0113216610.3390/bios13020166Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease DiagnosisNandita Singh0Daphika S. Dkhar1Pranjal Chandra2Uday Pratap Azad3Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur 495009, CG, IndiaLaboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, UP, IndiaLaboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, UP, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur 495009, CG, IndiaNanobiosensors are devices that utilize a very small probe and any form of electrical, optical, or magnetic technology to detect and analyze a biochemical or biological process. With an increasing population today, nanobiosensors have become the broadly used electroanalytical tools for the timely detection of many infectious (dengue, hepatitis, tuberculosis, leukemia, etc.) and other fatal diseases, such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, etc., at their early stage. Compared to classical or traditional analytical methods, nanobiosensors have significant benefits, including low detection limit, high selectivity and sensitivity, shorter analysis duration, easier portability, biocompatibility, and ease of miniaturization for on-site monitoring. Very similar to biosensors, nanobiosensors can also be classified in numerous ways, either depending on biological molecules, such as enzymes, antibodies, and aptamer, or by working principles, such as optical and electrochemical. Various nanobiosensors, such as cyclic voltametric, amperometric, impedimetric, etc., have been discussed for the timely monitoring of the infectious and fatal diseases at their early stage. Nanobiosensors performance and efficiency can be enhanced by using a variety of engineered nanostructures, which include nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanopores, self-adhesive monolayers, nanowires, and nanocomposites. Here, this mini review recaps the application of two-dimensional (2D) materials, especially graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>), graphene oxide, black phosphorous, and MXenes, for the construction of the nanobiosensors and their application for the diagnosis of various infectious diseases at very early stage.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/2/166nanobiosensorsimmunosensorsdiagnosispoint of carenanomaterialsnanobiodevices |
| spellingShingle | Nandita Singh Daphika S. Dkhar Pranjal Chandra Uday Pratap Azad Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease Diagnosis Biosensors nanobiosensors immunosensors diagnosis point of care nanomaterials nanobiodevices |
| title | Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease Diagnosis |
| title_full | Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease Diagnosis |
| title_fullStr | Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease Diagnosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease Diagnosis |
| title_short | Nanobiosensors Design Using 2D Materials: Implementation in Infectious and Fatal Disease Diagnosis |
| title_sort | nanobiosensors design using 2d materials implementation in infectious and fatal disease diagnosis |
| topic | nanobiosensors immunosensors diagnosis point of care nanomaterials nanobiodevices |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/2/166 |
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