Post-Traumatic Expressions of Aromatase B, Glutamine Synthetase, and Cystathionine-Beta-Synthase in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>
In adult fish, neurogenesis occurs in many areas of the brain, including the cerebellum, with the ratio of newly formed cells relative to the total number of brain cells being several orders of magnitude greater than in mammals. Our study aimed to compare the expressions of aromatase B (AroB), gluta...
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/6/3299 |
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| author | Evgeniya V. Pushchina Mariya E. Bykova Anatoly A. Varaksin |
| author_facet | Evgeniya V. Pushchina Mariya E. Bykova Anatoly A. Varaksin |
| author_sort | Evgeniya V. Pushchina |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In adult fish, neurogenesis occurs in many areas of the brain, including the cerebellum, with the ratio of newly formed cells relative to the total number of brain cells being several orders of magnitude greater than in mammals. Our study aimed to compare the expressions of aromatase B (AroB), glutamine synthetase (GS), and cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) in the cerebellum of intact juvenile chum salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>. To identify the dynamics that determine the involvement of AroB, GS, and CBS in the cellular mechanisms of regeneration, we performed a comprehensive assessment of the expressions of these molecular markers during a long-term primary traumatic brain injury (TBI) and after a repeated acute TBI to the cerebellum of <i>O. keta</i> juveniles. As a result, in intact juveniles, weak or moderate expressions of AroB, GS, and CBS were detected in four cell types, including cells of the neuroepithelial type, migrating, and differentiated cells (graphic abstract, A). At 90 days post injury, local hypercellular areas were found in the molecular layer containing moderately labeled AroB+, GS+, and CBS+ cells of the neuroepithelial type and larger AroB+, GS+, and CBS+ cells (possibly analogous to the reactive glia of mammals); patterns of cells migration and neovascularization were also observed. A repeated TBI caused the number of AroB+, GS+, and CBS+ cells to further increase; an increased intensity of immunolabeling was recorded from all cell types (graphic abstract, C). Thus, the results of this study provide a better understanding of adult neurogenesis in teleost fishes, which is expected to clarify the issue of the reactivation of adult neurogenesis in mammalian species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:11:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf659e75d34d45218b79961f53830c6c |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:11:48Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf659e75d34d45218b79961f53830c6c2024-03-27T13:45:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-03-01256329910.3390/ijms25063299Post-Traumatic Expressions of Aromatase B, Glutamine Synthetase, and Cystathionine-Beta-Synthase in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>Evgeniya V. Pushchina0Mariya E. Bykova1Anatoly A. Varaksin2Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaZhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaZhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, RussiaIn adult fish, neurogenesis occurs in many areas of the brain, including the cerebellum, with the ratio of newly formed cells relative to the total number of brain cells being several orders of magnitude greater than in mammals. Our study aimed to compare the expressions of aromatase B (AroB), glutamine synthetase (GS), and cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS) in the cerebellum of intact juvenile chum salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>. To identify the dynamics that determine the involvement of AroB, GS, and CBS in the cellular mechanisms of regeneration, we performed a comprehensive assessment of the expressions of these molecular markers during a long-term primary traumatic brain injury (TBI) and after a repeated acute TBI to the cerebellum of <i>O. keta</i> juveniles. As a result, in intact juveniles, weak or moderate expressions of AroB, GS, and CBS were detected in four cell types, including cells of the neuroepithelial type, migrating, and differentiated cells (graphic abstract, A). At 90 days post injury, local hypercellular areas were found in the molecular layer containing moderately labeled AroB+, GS+, and CBS+ cells of the neuroepithelial type and larger AroB+, GS+, and CBS+ cells (possibly analogous to the reactive glia of mammals); patterns of cells migration and neovascularization were also observed. A repeated TBI caused the number of AroB+, GS+, and CBS+ cells to further increase; an increased intensity of immunolabeling was recorded from all cell types (graphic abstract, C). Thus, the results of this study provide a better understanding of adult neurogenesis in teleost fishes, which is expected to clarify the issue of the reactivation of adult neurogenesis in mammalian species.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/6/3299cystathionine-beta-synthasearomatase Bcerebellumglutamine synthetasejuvenile chum salmon<i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> |
| spellingShingle | Evgeniya V. Pushchina Mariya E. Bykova Anatoly A. Varaksin Post-Traumatic Expressions of Aromatase B, Glutamine Synthetase, and Cystathionine-Beta-Synthase in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences cystathionine-beta-synthase aromatase B cerebellum glutamine synthetase juvenile chum salmon <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> |
| title | Post-Traumatic Expressions of Aromatase B, Glutamine Synthetase, and Cystathionine-Beta-Synthase in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> |
| title_full | Post-Traumatic Expressions of Aromatase B, Glutamine Synthetase, and Cystathionine-Beta-Synthase in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> |
| title_fullStr | Post-Traumatic Expressions of Aromatase B, Glutamine Synthetase, and Cystathionine-Beta-Synthase in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-Traumatic Expressions of Aromatase B, Glutamine Synthetase, and Cystathionine-Beta-Synthase in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> |
| title_short | Post-Traumatic Expressions of Aromatase B, Glutamine Synthetase, and Cystathionine-Beta-Synthase in the Cerebellum of Juvenile Chum Salmon, <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> |
| title_sort | post traumatic expressions of aromatase b glutamine synthetase and cystathionine beta synthase in the cerebellum of juvenile chum salmon i oncorhynchus keta i |
| topic | cystathionine-beta-synthase aromatase B cerebellum glutamine synthetase juvenile chum salmon <i>Oncorhynchus keta</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/6/3299 |
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