ALMA 400 pc Imaging of a z = 6.5 Massive Warped Disk Galaxy
We present 0.″075 (≈400 pc) resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the [C ii ] and dust continuum emission from the host galaxy of the z = 6.5406 quasar, P036+03. We find that the emission arises from a thin, rotating disk with an effective radius of 0.″21 (1....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad05d2 |
| _version_ | 1827709424804823040 |
|---|---|
| author | Marcel Neeleman Fabian Walter Roberto Decarli Alyssa B. Drake Anna-Christina Eilers Romain A. Meyer Bram P. Venemans |
| author_facet | Marcel Neeleman Fabian Walter Roberto Decarli Alyssa B. Drake Anna-Christina Eilers Romain A. Meyer Bram P. Venemans |
| author_sort | Marcel Neeleman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present 0.″075 (≈400 pc) resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the [C ii ] and dust continuum emission from the host galaxy of the z = 6.5406 quasar, P036+03. We find that the emission arises from a thin, rotating disk with an effective radius of 0.″21 (1.1 kpc). The velocity dispersion of the disk is consistent with a constant value of 66.4 ± 1.0 km s ^−1 , yielding a scale height of 80 ± 30 pc. The [C ii ] velocity field reveals a distortion that we attribute to a warp in the disk. Modeling this warped disk yields an inclination estimate of 40.°4 ± 1.°3 and a rotational velocity of 116 ± 3 km s ^−1 . The resulting dynamical mass estimate of (1.96 ± 0.10) × 10 ^10 M _⊙ is lower than previous estimates, which strengthens the conclusion that the host galaxy is less massive than expected based on local scaling relations between the black hole mass and the host galaxy mass. Using archival MUSE Ly α observations, we argue that counterrotating halo gas could provide the torque needed to warp the disk. We further detect a region with excess (15 σ ) dust continuum emission, which is located 1.3 kpc northwest of the galaxy’s center and is gravitationally unstable (Toomre Q < 0.04). We posit this is a star-forming region whose formation was triggered by the warp because the region is located within a part of the warped disk where gas can efficiently lose angular momentum. The combined ALMA and MUSE imaging provides a unique view of how gas interactions within the disk–halo interface can influence the growth of massive galaxies within the first billion years of the Universe. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:20:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cf9628d04c4e432895522fa1fc93a59b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:20:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-cf9628d04c4e432895522fa1fc93a59b2023-11-20T10:20:43ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-01958213210.3847/1538-4357/ad05d2ALMA 400 pc Imaging of a z = 6.5 Massive Warped Disk GalaxyMarcel Neeleman0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9838-8191Fabian Walter1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4793-7880Roberto Decarli2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2662-8803Alyssa B. Drake3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0174-3362Anna-Christina Eilers4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2895-6218Romain A. Meyer5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5492-4522Bram P. Venemans6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-8322National Radio Astronomy Observatory , 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA ; mneeleman@nrao.edu; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117, Heidelberg, GermanyMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117, Heidelberg, GermanyINAF—Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna , via Gobetti 93/3, I-40129, Bologna, ItalyCentre for Astrophysics Research, Department of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire , Hatfield AL10 9AB, UKMIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva , Chemin Pegasi 51, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandLeiden Observatory, Leiden University , P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The NetherlandsWe present 0.″075 (≈400 pc) resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the [C ii ] and dust continuum emission from the host galaxy of the z = 6.5406 quasar, P036+03. We find that the emission arises from a thin, rotating disk with an effective radius of 0.″21 (1.1 kpc). The velocity dispersion of the disk is consistent with a constant value of 66.4 ± 1.0 km s ^−1 , yielding a scale height of 80 ± 30 pc. The [C ii ] velocity field reveals a distortion that we attribute to a warp in the disk. Modeling this warped disk yields an inclination estimate of 40.°4 ± 1.°3 and a rotational velocity of 116 ± 3 km s ^−1 . The resulting dynamical mass estimate of (1.96 ± 0.10) × 10 ^10 M _⊙ is lower than previous estimates, which strengthens the conclusion that the host galaxy is less massive than expected based on local scaling relations between the black hole mass and the host galaxy mass. Using archival MUSE Ly α observations, we argue that counterrotating halo gas could provide the torque needed to warp the disk. We further detect a region with excess (15 σ ) dust continuum emission, which is located 1.3 kpc northwest of the galaxy’s center and is gravitationally unstable (Toomre Q < 0.04). We posit this is a star-forming region whose formation was triggered by the warp because the region is located within a part of the warped disk where gas can efficiently lose angular momentum. The combined ALMA and MUSE imaging provides a unique view of how gas interactions within the disk–halo interface can influence the growth of massive galaxies within the first billion years of the Universe.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad05d2QuasarsSubmillimeter astronomyGalaxy kinematicsGalaxy evolutionInterstellar atomic gasSupermassive black holes |
| spellingShingle | Marcel Neeleman Fabian Walter Roberto Decarli Alyssa B. Drake Anna-Christina Eilers Romain A. Meyer Bram P. Venemans ALMA 400 pc Imaging of a z = 6.5 Massive Warped Disk Galaxy The Astrophysical Journal Quasars Submillimeter astronomy Galaxy kinematics Galaxy evolution Interstellar atomic gas Supermassive black holes |
| title | ALMA 400 pc Imaging of a z = 6.5 Massive Warped Disk Galaxy |
| title_full | ALMA 400 pc Imaging of a z = 6.5 Massive Warped Disk Galaxy |
| title_fullStr | ALMA 400 pc Imaging of a z = 6.5 Massive Warped Disk Galaxy |
| title_full_unstemmed | ALMA 400 pc Imaging of a z = 6.5 Massive Warped Disk Galaxy |
| title_short | ALMA 400 pc Imaging of a z = 6.5 Massive Warped Disk Galaxy |
| title_sort | alma 400 pc imaging of a z 6 5 massive warped disk galaxy |
| topic | Quasars Submillimeter astronomy Galaxy kinematics Galaxy evolution Interstellar atomic gas Supermassive black holes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad05d2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marcelneeleman alma400pcimagingofaz65massivewarpeddiskgalaxy AT fabianwalter alma400pcimagingofaz65massivewarpeddiskgalaxy AT robertodecarli alma400pcimagingofaz65massivewarpeddiskgalaxy AT alyssabdrake alma400pcimagingofaz65massivewarpeddiskgalaxy AT annachristinaeilers alma400pcimagingofaz65massivewarpeddiskgalaxy AT romainameyer alma400pcimagingofaz65massivewarpeddiskgalaxy AT brampvenemans alma400pcimagingofaz65massivewarpeddiskgalaxy |