| Summary: | Photothermal therapy has been widely used in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, the short photothermal effective radius of conventional nano-photothermal agents makes it difficult to achieve effective photothermal antibacterial activity. Therefore, improving composite targeting can significantly inhibit bacterial growth. We inhibited the growth of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) by using an extremely low concentration of vancomycin (Van) and applied photothermal therapy with molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>). This simple method used chitosan (CS) to synthesize fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled and Van-loaded MoS<sub>2</sub>-nanosheet hydrogels (MoS<sub>2</sub>-Van-FITC@CS). After modifying the surface, an extremely low concentration of Van could inhibit bacterial growth by trapping bacteria synergistically with the photothermal effects of MoS<sub>2</sub>, while FITC labeled bacteria and chitosan hydrogels promoted wound healing. The results showed that MoS<sub>2</sub>-Van-FITC@CS nanosheets had a thickness of approximately 30 nm, indicating the successful synthesis of the nanosheets. The vitro antibacterial results showed that MoS<sub>2</sub>-Van-FITC with near-infrared irradiation significantly inhibited <i>S. aureus</i> growth, reaching an inhibition rate of 94.5% at nanoparticle concentrations of up to 100 µg/mL. Furthermore, MoS<sub>2</sub>-Van-FITC@CS could exert a healing effect on wounds in mice. Our results demonstrate that MoS<sub>2</sub>-Van-FITC@CS is biocompatible and can be used as a wound-healing agent.
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