Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure
Background and Aim: Yellowfin tuna and swordfish are seafood commodities commonly caught from deep oceans worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels of three heavy metals, namely, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) in yellowfin tuna and swordfish. The results are expected to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Veterinary World
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Veterinary World |
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| Online Access: | https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.16/April-2023/25.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797838937419415552 |
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| author | Adnorita Fandah Oktariani Putu Eka Sudaryatma Yan Ramona I Made Gelgel Wirasuta Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa Putu Angga Wiradana Tamaki Okabayashi |
| author_facet | Adnorita Fandah Oktariani Putu Eka Sudaryatma Yan Ramona I Made Gelgel Wirasuta Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa Putu Angga Wiradana Tamaki Okabayashi |
| author_sort | Adnorita Fandah Oktariani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim: Yellowfin tuna and swordfish are seafood commodities commonly caught from deep oceans worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels of three heavy metals, namely, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) in yellowfin tuna and swordfish. The results are expected to provide consumers with information on the safety of consuming or exporting these fishes caught in the Hindian and Pacific Oceans.
Materials and Methods: Fresh yellowfin and swordfish were obtained from fishermen’s catches in FAO Fishing Zone 57 (Indian Ocean) and 71 (Pacific Ocean) and then collected at Benoa Harbor, Bali Province. The comparative method was to evaluate the levels of heavy metals in each fish. Furthermore, heavy metal concentrations, including Pb, Cd, and Hg, were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis. These results were then used to assess the safety of these fishes by calculating the estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotients-total target hazard quotients (THQs-TTHQs).
Results: The analysis showed that none of the samples exceeded the threshold levels for the three heavy metals, which was specified by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and European Commission Regulation (CR) No. 1881/2006. The EDI and provisional tolerable weekly index (PTWI) obtained in this study were still in the safe range. However, the PTWI values for Pb in yellowfin tuna product from the Indian Ocean were higher (0.0038 mg/kg) compared to the recommended standard for the adult population. The THQ-TTHQ values of fish caught from these oceans were also within the acceptable range specified by the two agencies, indicating that they are safe for consumption by people with various age groups and for export purposes.
Conclusion: The average levels of three heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Hg) in muscle samples of yellowfin tuna and swordfish caught from the Pacific and Hindian Oceans were within the acceptable range as specified by the SNI and CR No. 1881/2006. Furthermore, the EDI and THQs values indicated that fishes caught from the Pacific and Hindian Oceans were safe for consumption. This research is still limited to assessing two capture fisheries commodities. Further research is needed on the assessment of heavy metal levels in other capture fisheries commodities in this capture zone. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:48:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cfd2097dd7394f7bb6aef3ec8a2882fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-8988 2231-0916 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:48:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Veterinary World |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary World |
| spelling | doaj.art-cfd2097dd7394f7bb6aef3ec8a2882fd2023-04-26T15:15:06ZengVeterinary WorldVeterinary World0972-89882231-09162023-04-0116485886810.14202/vetworld.2023.858-868Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposureAdnorita Fandah Oktariani0Putu Eka Sudaryatma1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-0539Yan Ramona2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0690-740XI Made Gelgel Wirasuta3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0946-6208Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6726-4874Putu Angga Wiradana5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0139-8781Tamaki Okabayashi6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8614-6593Doctoral Student of Study Program of Biological Science, Udayana University, Denpasar City, Bali, Indonesia.Fish Quarantine Inspection Agency, Denpasar Bali, Kuta Badung Regency, Bali, Indonesia.Integrated Laboratory of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Badung Regency, Bali; Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Badung Regency, Bali.Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Badung Regency, Bali.Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Badung Regency, Bali.Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Health, Science, and Technology, Universitas Dhyana Pura, Bali Province, Indonesia.Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan; Centre for Animal Diseases Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.Background and Aim: Yellowfin tuna and swordfish are seafood commodities commonly caught from deep oceans worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels of three heavy metals, namely, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) in yellowfin tuna and swordfish. The results are expected to provide consumers with information on the safety of consuming or exporting these fishes caught in the Hindian and Pacific Oceans. Materials and Methods: Fresh yellowfin and swordfish were obtained from fishermen’s catches in FAO Fishing Zone 57 (Indian Ocean) and 71 (Pacific Ocean) and then collected at Benoa Harbor, Bali Province. The comparative method was to evaluate the levels of heavy metals in each fish. Furthermore, heavy metal concentrations, including Pb, Cd, and Hg, were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis. These results were then used to assess the safety of these fishes by calculating the estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotients-total target hazard quotients (THQs-TTHQs). Results: The analysis showed that none of the samples exceeded the threshold levels for the three heavy metals, which was specified by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and European Commission Regulation (CR) No. 1881/2006. The EDI and provisional tolerable weekly index (PTWI) obtained in this study were still in the safe range. However, the PTWI values for Pb in yellowfin tuna product from the Indian Ocean were higher (0.0038 mg/kg) compared to the recommended standard for the adult population. The THQ-TTHQ values of fish caught from these oceans were also within the acceptable range specified by the two agencies, indicating that they are safe for consumption by people with various age groups and for export purposes. Conclusion: The average levels of three heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Hg) in muscle samples of yellowfin tuna and swordfish caught from the Pacific and Hindian Oceans were within the acceptable range as specified by the SNI and CR No. 1881/2006. Furthermore, the EDI and THQs values indicated that fishes caught from the Pacific and Hindian Oceans were safe for consumption. This research is still limited to assessing two capture fisheries commodities. Further research is needed on the assessment of heavy metal levels in other capture fisheries commodities in this capture zone.https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.16/April-2023/25.pdfhealth risk assessmentheavy metal pollutionseafood productstuna |
| spellingShingle | Adnorita Fandah Oktariani Putu Eka Sudaryatma Yan Ramona I Made Gelgel Wirasuta Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa Putu Angga Wiradana Tamaki Okabayashi Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure Veterinary World health risk assessment heavy metal pollution seafood products tuna |
| title | Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure |
| title_full | Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure |
| title_fullStr | Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure |
| title_short | Heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from Hindian and Pacific Oceans: Health risk assessment of dietary exposure |
| title_sort | heavy metals content in fresh tuna and swordfish caught from hindian and pacific oceans health risk assessment of dietary exposure |
| topic | health risk assessment heavy metal pollution seafood products tuna |
| url | https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.16/April-2023/25.pdf |
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