Non-Equilibrium Quantum Brain Dynamics: Super-Radiance and Equilibration in 21 Dimensions<sup>+</sup>

We derive time evolution equations, namely the Schr&#246;dinger-like equations and the Klein&#8722;Gordon equations for coherent fields and the Kadanoff&#8722;Baym (KB) equations for quantum fluctuations, in quantum electrodynamics (QED) with electric dipoles in <inline-formula> &l...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Akihiro Nishiyama, Shigenori Tanaka, Jack A. Tuszynski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-10-01
Series:Entropy
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/11/1066
Description
Summary:We derive time evolution equations, namely the Schr&#246;dinger-like equations and the Klein&#8722;Gordon equations for coherent fields and the Kadanoff&#8722;Baym (KB) equations for quantum fluctuations, in quantum electrodynamics (QED) with electric dipoles in <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula> dimensions. Next we introduce a kinetic entropy current based on the KB equations in the first order of the gradient expansion. We show the H-theorem for the leading-order self-energy in the coupling expansion (the Hartree&#8722;Fock approximation). We show conserved energy in the spatially homogeneous systems in the time evolution. We derive aspects of the super-radiance and the equilibration in our single Lagrangian. Our analysis can be applied to quantum brain dynamics, that is QED, with water electric dipoles. The total energy consumption to maintain super-radiant states in microtubules seems to be within the energy consumption to maintain the ordered systems in a brain.
ISSN:1099-4300