Effect of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus on Physiological Processes and Yield of Individual Cotton Plants
Cotton leafroll dwarf disease (CLRDD) caused by cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) is an emerging threat to cotton production in the United States. The disease was first reported in Alabama in 2017 and subsequently has been reported in 10 other cotton producing states in the United States, includin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.734386/full |
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| author | Ved Parkash Divya Bhanu Sharma John Snider Sudeep Bag Phillip Roberts Afsha Tabassum Dalton West Sameer Khanal Sameer Khanal Nelson Suassuna Peng Chee Peng Chee |
| author_facet | Ved Parkash Divya Bhanu Sharma John Snider Sudeep Bag Phillip Roberts Afsha Tabassum Dalton West Sameer Khanal Sameer Khanal Nelson Suassuna Peng Chee Peng Chee |
| author_sort | Ved Parkash |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cotton leafroll dwarf disease (CLRDD) caused by cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) is an emerging threat to cotton production in the United States. The disease was first reported in Alabama in 2017 and subsequently has been reported in 10 other cotton producing states in the United States, including Georgia. A field study was conducted at field sites near Tifton, Georgia in 2019 and 2020 to evaluate leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf temperature responses for a symptomatic cultivar (diseased plants observed at regular frequency) at multiple stages of disease progression and for asymptomatic cultivars (0% disease incidence observed). Disease-induced reductions in net photosynthetic rate (An, decreased by 63–101%), stomatal conductance (gs, decreased by 65–99%), and efficiency of the thylakoid reactions (32–92% decline in primary photochemistry) were observed, whereas leaf temperature significantly increased by 0.5–3.8°C at advanced stages of the disease. Net photosynthesis was substantially more sensitive to disease-induced declines in gs than the thylakoid reactions. Symptomatic plants with more advanced disease stages remained stunted throughout the growing season, and yield was reduced by 99% by CLRDD due to reductions in boll number per plant and declines in boll mass resulting from fewer seeds per boll. Asymptomatic cultivars exhibited more conservative gas exchange responses than apparently healthy plants of the symptomatic cultivar but were less productive. Overall, it is concluded that CLRDV limits stomatal conductance and photosynthetic activity of individual leaves, causing substantial declines in productivity for individual plants. Future studies should evaluate the physiological contributors to genotypic variation in disease tolerance under controlled conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T11:59:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cff5da5dcdda4c70a5fbfcf6f0fd9b7c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T11:59:38Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-cff5da5dcdda4c70a5fbfcf6f0fd9b7c2022-12-21T16:56:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-10-011210.3389/fpls.2021.734386734386Effect of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus on Physiological Processes and Yield of Individual Cotton PlantsVed Parkash0Divya Bhanu Sharma1John Snider2Sudeep Bag3Phillip Roberts4Afsha Tabassum5Dalton West6Sameer Khanal7Sameer Khanal8Nelson Suassuna9Peng Chee10Peng Chee11Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesInstitute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesDepartment of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesDepartment of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesDepartment of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesDepartment of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesInstitute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesInstitute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesDepartment of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesInstitute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United StatesCotton leafroll dwarf disease (CLRDD) caused by cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) is an emerging threat to cotton production in the United States. The disease was first reported in Alabama in 2017 and subsequently has been reported in 10 other cotton producing states in the United States, including Georgia. A field study was conducted at field sites near Tifton, Georgia in 2019 and 2020 to evaluate leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf temperature responses for a symptomatic cultivar (diseased plants observed at regular frequency) at multiple stages of disease progression and for asymptomatic cultivars (0% disease incidence observed). Disease-induced reductions in net photosynthetic rate (An, decreased by 63–101%), stomatal conductance (gs, decreased by 65–99%), and efficiency of the thylakoid reactions (32–92% decline in primary photochemistry) were observed, whereas leaf temperature significantly increased by 0.5–3.8°C at advanced stages of the disease. Net photosynthesis was substantially more sensitive to disease-induced declines in gs than the thylakoid reactions. Symptomatic plants with more advanced disease stages remained stunted throughout the growing season, and yield was reduced by 99% by CLRDD due to reductions in boll number per plant and declines in boll mass resulting from fewer seeds per boll. Asymptomatic cultivars exhibited more conservative gas exchange responses than apparently healthy plants of the symptomatic cultivar but were less productive. Overall, it is concluded that CLRDV limits stomatal conductance and photosynthetic activity of individual leaves, causing substantial declines in productivity for individual plants. Future studies should evaluate the physiological contributors to genotypic variation in disease tolerance under controlled conditions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.734386/fullphotosynthesis ratestomatal conductanceelectron transportleaf temperaturecotton leafroll dwarf virus |
| spellingShingle | Ved Parkash Divya Bhanu Sharma John Snider Sudeep Bag Phillip Roberts Afsha Tabassum Dalton West Sameer Khanal Sameer Khanal Nelson Suassuna Peng Chee Peng Chee Effect of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus on Physiological Processes and Yield of Individual Cotton Plants Frontiers in Plant Science photosynthesis rate stomatal conductance electron transport leaf temperature cotton leafroll dwarf virus |
| title | Effect of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus on Physiological Processes and Yield of Individual Cotton Plants |
| title_full | Effect of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus on Physiological Processes and Yield of Individual Cotton Plants |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus on Physiological Processes and Yield of Individual Cotton Plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus on Physiological Processes and Yield of Individual Cotton Plants |
| title_short | Effect of Cotton Leafroll Dwarf Virus on Physiological Processes and Yield of Individual Cotton Plants |
| title_sort | effect of cotton leafroll dwarf virus on physiological processes and yield of individual cotton plants |
| topic | photosynthesis rate stomatal conductance electron transport leaf temperature cotton leafroll dwarf virus |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.734386/full |
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