Imaging the Subsurface Structure of Mount Agung in Bali (Indonesia) Using Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake Tomography
Local seismic tomography is a well-known and commonly used method for obtaining detailed information about the internal structure of volcanoes. The eruption of Mt. Agung in 2017 was a vital opportunity scientifically because it is the first eruption that had sufficient seismic observation networks t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-05-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.619587/full |
| _version_ | 1818643258847264768 |
|---|---|
| author | Ardianto Ardianto Andri Dian Nugraha Andri Dian Nugraha Haunan Afif Devy Kamil Syahbana David P. Sahara Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Sri Widiyantoro Sri Widiyantoro Awali Priyono Shindy Rosalia Asep Saepuloh Asep Saepuloh Kasbani Kasbani Faiz Muttaqy Puput P. Rahsetyo Imam C. Priambodo Imam C. Priambodo Martanto Martanto Martanto Martanto |
| author_facet | Ardianto Ardianto Andri Dian Nugraha Andri Dian Nugraha Haunan Afif Devy Kamil Syahbana David P. Sahara Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Sri Widiyantoro Sri Widiyantoro Awali Priyono Shindy Rosalia Asep Saepuloh Asep Saepuloh Kasbani Kasbani Faiz Muttaqy Puput P. Rahsetyo Imam C. Priambodo Imam C. Priambodo Martanto Martanto Martanto Martanto |
| author_sort | Ardianto Ardianto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Local seismic tomography is a well-known and commonly used method for obtaining detailed information about the internal structure of volcanoes. The eruption of Mt. Agung in 2017 was a vital opportunity scientifically because it is the first eruption that had sufficient seismic observation networks to carry out local seismic tomography at this volcano. In this study, we investigate the subsurface structure of Mt. Agung in Bali, which is one of the highest risk volcanoes in Indonesia. We conducted travel-time tomography using P- and S-wave arrival times of volcano-tectonic (VT) events to determine the three-dimensional (3D) Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs ratio structure beneath Mt. Agung. We used 1,926 VT events, with corresponding 9482-P and 8683-S wave arrival times recorded by eight seismic stations over an observation time spanning from October 18 to December 31, 2017. We obtain the hypocenter solution for VT events using the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm and use an optimum 1D velocity model as input for the Joint 3-D seismic tomographic inversion. Local earthquake tomography revealed five anomalous regions that are useful to describe the overall seismic activity around Mt. Agung. We interpret these anomalous regions qualitatively due to limited data resolution in this study. We have successfully localized a high Vp/Vs ratio (∼1.82), low Vs (−1.9%) and high Vp (+3.8%), within a low seismicity zone at depths between 2 and 5 km below the Mt. Agung summit, which may be related to a shallow magma reservoir. There is also an anomalous region between Mt. Agung and Batur with moderate to high Vp/Vs ratios (1.76–1.79) where most of the earthquakes recorded before the 2017 eruption originated. We interpret this anomaly to be related to the existence of sub-vertical dyke complex at depths between 8 and 14 km. The results of our study provide new insights into the subsurface structure of the magma plumbing system beneath Mt. Agung, which can be used to improve the quality of determining the location of the hypocenter and source modeling for future eruption forecasting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T23:56:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d00c49bf4a364487a1455b0dc0f5ef23 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-6463 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T23:56:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Earth Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d00c49bf4a364487a1455b0dc0f5ef232022-12-21T22:11:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Earth Science2296-64632021-05-01910.3389/feart.2021.619587619587Imaging the Subsurface Structure of Mount Agung in Bali (Indonesia) Using Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake TomographyArdianto Ardianto0Andri Dian Nugraha1Andri Dian Nugraha2Haunan Afif3Devy Kamil Syahbana4David P. Sahara5Zulfakriza Zulfakriza6Zulfakriza Zulfakriza7Sri Widiyantoro8Sri Widiyantoro9Awali Priyono10Shindy Rosalia11Asep Saepuloh12Asep Saepuloh13Kasbani Kasbani14Faiz Muttaqy15Puput P. Rahsetyo16Imam C. Priambodo17Imam C. Priambodo18Martanto Martanto19Martanto Martanto20Geophysical Engineering Department, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaGlobal Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaCenter for Earthquake Science and Technology, Research Center for Disaster Mitigation, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaCenter for Volcanology and Geological Hazards Mitigation, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bandung, IndonesiaCenter for Volcanology and Geological Hazards Mitigation, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bandung, IndonesiaGlobal Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaGlobal Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaCenter for Earthquake Science and Technology, Research Center for Disaster Mitigation, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaGlobal Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaFaculty of Engineering, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, IndonesiaGlobal Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaGlobal Geophysics Research Group, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaCenter for Remote Sensing, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaGeology Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaCenter for Volcanology and Geological Hazards Mitigation, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bandung, IndonesiaGeophysical Engineering Department, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaGeophysical Engineering Department, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaGeophysical Engineering Department, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaCenter for Volcanology and Geological Hazards Mitigation, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bandung, IndonesiaGeophysical Engineering Department, Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, IndonesiaCenter for Volcanology and Geological Hazards Mitigation, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bandung, IndonesiaLocal seismic tomography is a well-known and commonly used method for obtaining detailed information about the internal structure of volcanoes. The eruption of Mt. Agung in 2017 was a vital opportunity scientifically because it is the first eruption that had sufficient seismic observation networks to carry out local seismic tomography at this volcano. In this study, we investigate the subsurface structure of Mt. Agung in Bali, which is one of the highest risk volcanoes in Indonesia. We conducted travel-time tomography using P- and S-wave arrival times of volcano-tectonic (VT) events to determine the three-dimensional (3D) Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs ratio structure beneath Mt. Agung. We used 1,926 VT events, with corresponding 9482-P and 8683-S wave arrival times recorded by eight seismic stations over an observation time spanning from October 18 to December 31, 2017. We obtain the hypocenter solution for VT events using the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm and use an optimum 1D velocity model as input for the Joint 3-D seismic tomographic inversion. Local earthquake tomography revealed five anomalous regions that are useful to describe the overall seismic activity around Mt. Agung. We interpret these anomalous regions qualitatively due to limited data resolution in this study. We have successfully localized a high Vp/Vs ratio (∼1.82), low Vs (−1.9%) and high Vp (+3.8%), within a low seismicity zone at depths between 2 and 5 km below the Mt. Agung summit, which may be related to a shallow magma reservoir. There is also an anomalous region between Mt. Agung and Batur with moderate to high Vp/Vs ratios (1.76–1.79) where most of the earthquakes recorded before the 2017 eruption originated. We interpret this anomaly to be related to the existence of sub-vertical dyke complex at depths between 8 and 14 km. The results of our study provide new insights into the subsurface structure of the magma plumbing system beneath Mt. Agung, which can be used to improve the quality of determining the location of the hypocenter and source modeling for future eruption forecasting.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.619587/fullseismic tomographyMt. Agungmagma plumbing system3D seismic structurevolcano seismology |
| spellingShingle | Ardianto Ardianto Andri Dian Nugraha Andri Dian Nugraha Haunan Afif Devy Kamil Syahbana David P. Sahara Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Zulfakriza Sri Widiyantoro Sri Widiyantoro Awali Priyono Shindy Rosalia Asep Saepuloh Asep Saepuloh Kasbani Kasbani Faiz Muttaqy Puput P. Rahsetyo Imam C. Priambodo Imam C. Priambodo Martanto Martanto Martanto Martanto Imaging the Subsurface Structure of Mount Agung in Bali (Indonesia) Using Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake Tomography Frontiers in Earth Science seismic tomography Mt. Agung magma plumbing system 3D seismic structure volcano seismology |
| title | Imaging the Subsurface Structure of Mount Agung in Bali (Indonesia) Using Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake Tomography |
| title_full | Imaging the Subsurface Structure of Mount Agung in Bali (Indonesia) Using Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake Tomography |
| title_fullStr | Imaging the Subsurface Structure of Mount Agung in Bali (Indonesia) Using Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake Tomography |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imaging the Subsurface Structure of Mount Agung in Bali (Indonesia) Using Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake Tomography |
| title_short | Imaging the Subsurface Structure of Mount Agung in Bali (Indonesia) Using Volcano-Tectonic (VT) Earthquake Tomography |
| title_sort | imaging the subsurface structure of mount agung in bali indonesia using volcano tectonic vt earthquake tomography |
| topic | seismic tomography Mt. Agung magma plumbing system 3D seismic structure volcano seismology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.619587/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ardiantoardianto imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT andridiannugraha imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT andridiannugraha imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT haunanafif imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT devykamilsyahbana imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT davidpsahara imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT zulfakrizazulfakriza imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT zulfakrizazulfakriza imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT sriwidiyantoro imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT sriwidiyantoro imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT awalipriyono imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT shindyrosalia imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT asepsaepuloh imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT asepsaepuloh imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT kasbanikasbani imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT faizmuttaqy imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT puputprahsetyo imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT imamcpriambodo imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT imamcpriambodo imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT martantomartanto imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography AT martantomartanto imagingthesubsurfacestructureofmountagunginbaliindonesiausingvolcanotectonicvtearthquaketomography |