The Effect of Gender and Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation in Sleep Apnea
Sleep apnea is a highly prevalent disorder with increasing impact on healthcare systems worldwide. Previous studies have been conducted primarily with male subjects, and prevalence and severity of sleep apnea in women are underestimated. Recent clinical and basic science evidence increasingly points...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.741896/full |
| _version_ | 1829494635249008640 |
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| author | Philipp Hegner Simon Lebek Lars Siegfried Maier Michael Arzt Stefan Wagner |
| author_facet | Philipp Hegner Simon Lebek Lars Siegfried Maier Michael Arzt Stefan Wagner |
| author_sort | Philipp Hegner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sleep apnea is a highly prevalent disorder with increasing impact on healthcare systems worldwide. Previous studies have been conducted primarily with male subjects, and prevalence and severity of sleep apnea in women are underestimated. Recent clinical and basic science evidence increasingly points to different mechanisms in men and women with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). SDB is associated with a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation. In this review, we discuss sex-dependent mechanisms of SDB in select associated conditions to sharpen our clinical understanding of these sex-dependent inherent differences. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T06:56:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d0108ad2fce64051907b88a74e044834 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T06:56:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d0108ad2fce64051907b88a74e0448342022-12-21T22:40:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2021-10-011210.3389/fphys.2021.741896741896The Effect of Gender and Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation in Sleep ApneaPhilipp HegnerSimon LebekLars Siegfried MaierMichael ArztStefan WagnerSleep apnea is a highly prevalent disorder with increasing impact on healthcare systems worldwide. Previous studies have been conducted primarily with male subjects, and prevalence and severity of sleep apnea in women are underestimated. Recent clinical and basic science evidence increasingly points to different mechanisms in men and women with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). SDB is associated with a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation. In this review, we discuss sex-dependent mechanisms of SDB in select associated conditions to sharpen our clinical understanding of these sex-dependent inherent differences.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.741896/fullsleep apneasleep-disordered breathinggenderatrial fibrillationheart failurecardiovascular disease |
| spellingShingle | Philipp Hegner Simon Lebek Lars Siegfried Maier Michael Arzt Stefan Wagner The Effect of Gender and Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation in Sleep Apnea Frontiers in Physiology sleep apnea sleep-disordered breathing gender atrial fibrillation heart failure cardiovascular disease |
| title | The Effect of Gender and Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation in Sleep Apnea |
| title_full | The Effect of Gender and Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation in Sleep Apnea |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Gender and Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation in Sleep Apnea |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Gender and Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation in Sleep Apnea |
| title_short | The Effect of Gender and Sex Hormones on Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Failure, Diabetes, and Atrial Fibrillation in Sleep Apnea |
| title_sort | effect of gender and sex hormones on cardiovascular disease heart failure diabetes and atrial fibrillation in sleep apnea |
| topic | sleep apnea sleep-disordered breathing gender atrial fibrillation heart failure cardiovascular disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.741896/full |
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