Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a novel, customized immunotherapy that is considered a ‘living’ and self-replicating drug to treat cancer, sometimes resulting in a complete cure. CAR T-cells are manufactured through genetic engineering of T-cells by equipping them with CARs to dete...

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Main Authors: Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie, Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin, Gashaw Dessie Terefe, Fitalew Tadele Admasu, Wondwossen Wale Tesega, Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2022-11-01
Series:Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2114254
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author Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin
Gashaw Dessie Terefe
Fitalew Tadele Admasu
Wondwossen Wale Tesega
Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
author_facet Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin
Gashaw Dessie Terefe
Fitalew Tadele Admasu
Wondwossen Wale Tesega
Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
author_sort Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
collection DOAJ
description Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a novel, customized immunotherapy that is considered a ‘living’ and self-replicating drug to treat cancer, sometimes resulting in a complete cure. CAR T-cells are manufactured through genetic engineering of T-cells by equipping them with CARs to detect and target antigen-expressing cancer cells. CAR is designed to have an ectodomain extracellularly, a transmembrane domain spanning the cell membrane, and an endodomain intracellularly. Since its first discovery, the CAR structure has evolved greatly, from the first generation to the fifth generation, to offer new therapeutic alternatives for cancer patients. This treatment has achieved long-term and curative therapeutic efficacy in multiple blood malignancies that nowadays profoundly change the treatment landscape of lymphoma, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. But CART-cell therapy is associated with several hurdles, such as limited therapeutic efficacy, little effect on solid tumors, adverse effects, expensive cost, and feasibility issues, hindering its broader implications.
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spelling doaj.art-d016dfc731aa4207a65439a5d4cdfa402023-09-26T13:19:09ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2022-11-0118610.1080/21645515.2022.21142542114254Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapyTadesse Asmamaw Dejenie0Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin1Gashaw Dessie Terefe2Fitalew Tadele Admasu3Wondwossen Wale Tesega4Endeshaw Chekol Abebe5University of GondarUniversity of GondarUniversity of GondarCollege of Medicine and Health Science Arbaminch UniversityDebre Tabor UniversityCollege of Medicine and Health Science Arbaminch UniversityChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a novel, customized immunotherapy that is considered a ‘living’ and self-replicating drug to treat cancer, sometimes resulting in a complete cure. CAR T-cells are manufactured through genetic engineering of T-cells by equipping them with CARs to detect and target antigen-expressing cancer cells. CAR is designed to have an ectodomain extracellularly, a transmembrane domain spanning the cell membrane, and an endodomain intracellularly. Since its first discovery, the CAR structure has evolved greatly, from the first generation to the fifth generation, to offer new therapeutic alternatives for cancer patients. This treatment has achieved long-term and curative therapeutic efficacy in multiple blood malignancies that nowadays profoundly change the treatment landscape of lymphoma, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. But CART-cell therapy is associated with several hurdles, such as limited therapeutic efficacy, little effect on solid tumors, adverse effects, expensive cost, and feasibility issues, hindering its broader implications.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2114254carcar t-cell therapystructuregenerationsapprovalclinical trials
spellingShingle Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin
Gashaw Dessie Terefe
Fitalew Tadele Admasu
Wondwossen Wale Tesega
Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
car
car t-cell therapy
structure
generations
approval
clinical trials
title Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy
title_full Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy
title_fullStr Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy
title_full_unstemmed Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy
title_short Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy
title_sort current updates on generations approvals and clinical trials of car t cell therapy
topic car
car t-cell therapy
structure
generations
approval
clinical trials
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2114254
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