Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages
Abstract Inflammation is an essential defense mechanism in health; however, excessive inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases. Although anti-inflammatory drugs are essential for controlling inflammation, they have several side effects. Recent findings suggest that...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Applied Biological Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13765-024-00873-y |
| _version_ | 1827326475026563072 |
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| author | Minji Kim Jangeun An Seong-Ah Shin Sun Young Moon Moonsu Kim Seyeon Choi Huiji Kim Kim-Hoa Phi Jun Hyuck Lee Ui Joung Youn Hyun Ho Park Chang Sup Lee |
| author_facet | Minji Kim Jangeun An Seong-Ah Shin Sun Young Moon Moonsu Kim Seyeon Choi Huiji Kim Kim-Hoa Phi Jun Hyuck Lee Ui Joung Youn Hyun Ho Park Chang Sup Lee |
| author_sort | Minji Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Inflammation is an essential defense mechanism in health; however, excessive inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases. Although anti-inflammatory drugs are essential for controlling inflammation, they have several side effects. Recent findings suggest that naturally derived compounds possess physiological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of 2,5,6-trimethoxy-p-terphenyl (TP1), extracted from the Antarctic lichen Stereocaulon alpinum, using in vitro models. TP1 treatment decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages. Additionally, TP1 treatment significantly decreased the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) and the mRNA and protein levels of the pro-inflammatory enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2). Moreover, TP1 suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in Raw264.7 macrophages. Conclusively, these results suggest that TP1 ameliorates inflammation by suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, making it a potential anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of severe inflammatory diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:45:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d03bc242df134b0aa21a2f4d2768f959 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2468-0842 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:45:07Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Biological Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-d03bc242df134b0aa21a2f4d2768f9592024-03-05T20:03:00ZengSpringerOpenApplied Biological Chemistry2468-08422024-02-0167111210.1186/s13765-024-00873-yAnti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophagesMinji Kim0Jangeun An1Seong-Ah Shin2Sun Young Moon3Moonsu Kim4Seyeon Choi5Huiji Kim6Kim-Hoa Phi7Jun Hyuck Lee8Ui Joung Youn9Hyun Ho Park10Chang Sup Lee11College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National UniversityCollege of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National UniversityDepartment of Polar Sciences, University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Polar Sciences, University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Polar Sciences, University of Science and TechnologyCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang UniversityCollege of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National UniversityAbstract Inflammation is an essential defense mechanism in health; however, excessive inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases. Although anti-inflammatory drugs are essential for controlling inflammation, they have several side effects. Recent findings suggest that naturally derived compounds possess physiological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of 2,5,6-trimethoxy-p-terphenyl (TP1), extracted from the Antarctic lichen Stereocaulon alpinum, using in vitro models. TP1 treatment decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages. Additionally, TP1 treatment significantly decreased the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) and the mRNA and protein levels of the pro-inflammatory enzymes (inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2). Moreover, TP1 suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in Raw264.7 macrophages. Conclusively, these results suggest that TP1 ameliorates inflammation by suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, making it a potential anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of severe inflammatory diseases.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13765-024-00873-yTP1Anti-inflammationNF-κBMAPK |
| spellingShingle | Minji Kim Jangeun An Seong-Ah Shin Sun Young Moon Moonsu Kim Seyeon Choi Huiji Kim Kim-Hoa Phi Jun Hyuck Lee Ui Joung Youn Hyun Ho Park Chang Sup Lee Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages Applied Biological Chemistry TP1 Anti-inflammation NF-κB MAPK |
| title | Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages |
| title_full | Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages |
| title_fullStr | Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages |
| title_short | Anti-inflammatory effects of TP1 in LPS-induced Raw264.7 macrophages |
| title_sort | anti inflammatory effects of tp1 in lps induced raw264 7 macrophages |
| topic | TP1 Anti-inflammation NF-κB MAPK |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13765-024-00873-y |
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