Effects of nordic walking exercise on gait, motor/non-motor symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with Parkinson's disease
ObjectiveThe primary purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate and long-term effects of Nordic Walking (NW) exercise on walking function, motor/non-motor Parkinson's Disease (PD) symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in persons with idiopathic PD.MethodsTwelv...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fresc.2022.1010097/full |
| _version_ | 1797963877341724672 |
|---|---|
| author | Cathy C. Harro Michael J Shoemaker Cassandra M. Coatney Valerie E. Lentine Lillian R. Lieffers Jessica J. Quigley Shannon G. Rollins Jonathan D. Stewart Julie Hall Sok Kean Khoo |
| author_facet | Cathy C. Harro Michael J Shoemaker Cassandra M. Coatney Valerie E. Lentine Lillian R. Lieffers Jessica J. Quigley Shannon G. Rollins Jonathan D. Stewart Julie Hall Sok Kean Khoo |
| author_sort | Cathy C. Harro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveThe primary purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate and long-term effects of Nordic Walking (NW) exercise on walking function, motor/non-motor Parkinson's Disease (PD) symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in persons with idiopathic PD.MethodsTwelve community-dwelling participants with mild to moderate idiopathic PD and varied degrees of gait dysfunction were recruited for this prospective, repeated measures design that examined clinical measures and BDNF levels at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1) and 3-month follow-up (T2). Participants engaged in 6 weeks of supervised NW exercise training with individualized instruction, followed by 14 weeks of independent NW exercise with remote coaching. Outcome measurements included daily step counts, 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MinWT), 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), spatiotemporalparameters, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), dual-task TUG, Revised-Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Revised-Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, MDS-Nonmotor Symptom scale (NMS), Parkinson's Fatigue Scale, and serum BDNF levels. The Friedman test with post hoc Wilcoxon sign-ranked pairwise comparisons were used to compare baseline to T1, baseline to T2, and T1 to T2 timepoints with a Benjamini-Hockberg correction applied.ResultsStatistically significant improvements found post-training and retained at 3-month follow-up included 6-MinWT, daily step count, 10mWT, MDS-UPDRS, and TUG with effect sizes of 0.57 to 1.03. Serum BDNF at T2 was significantly greater than T0 and T1. Although no statistically significant improvements were observed in the MDS-NMS, 9 of 12 participants had improved non-motor symptoms. There was good adherence, sustained independent exercise engagement, and no adverse events over the 5-month study duration.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that NW exercise was a safe, feasible, and sustainable mode of aerobic exercise for this sample of participants with varied Parkinson's disease duration and severity. Following an individualized and progressive NW training intervention, significant improvements in walking function, daily activity level, and motor function were observed. Following the supervised NW training phase, independent three-month engagement in NW exercise was sustained with long-term retention of these clinical improvements and an increase in serum BDNF levels over this five-month NW exercise trial.ImpactNordic walking exercise may be a safe, feasible and sustainable mode of independent exercise for improving daily ambulatory activity, gait and motor function, and serum BDNF in individuals with mild to moderate PD with varied gait abilities.Clinical Trials Registry ID20-101-H |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:35:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d0596720b6e445deba52aa70eddc87e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-6861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T01:35:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d0596720b6e445deba52aa70eddc87e52023-01-03T08:56:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences2673-68612022-10-01310.3389/fresc.2022.10100971010097Effects of nordic walking exercise on gait, motor/non-motor symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with Parkinson's diseaseCathy C. Harro0Michael J Shoemaker1Cassandra M. Coatney2Valerie E. Lentine3Lillian R. Lieffers4Jessica J. Quigley5Shannon G. Rollins6Jonathan D. Stewart7Julie Hall8Sok Kean Khoo9Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United StatesObjectiveThe primary purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate and long-term effects of Nordic Walking (NW) exercise on walking function, motor/non-motor Parkinson's Disease (PD) symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in persons with idiopathic PD.MethodsTwelve community-dwelling participants with mild to moderate idiopathic PD and varied degrees of gait dysfunction were recruited for this prospective, repeated measures design that examined clinical measures and BDNF levels at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1) and 3-month follow-up (T2). Participants engaged in 6 weeks of supervised NW exercise training with individualized instruction, followed by 14 weeks of independent NW exercise with remote coaching. Outcome measurements included daily step counts, 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MinWT), 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), spatiotemporalparameters, Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), dual-task TUG, Revised-Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS), Revised-Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, MDS-Nonmotor Symptom scale (NMS), Parkinson's Fatigue Scale, and serum BDNF levels. The Friedman test with post hoc Wilcoxon sign-ranked pairwise comparisons were used to compare baseline to T1, baseline to T2, and T1 to T2 timepoints with a Benjamini-Hockberg correction applied.ResultsStatistically significant improvements found post-training and retained at 3-month follow-up included 6-MinWT, daily step count, 10mWT, MDS-UPDRS, and TUG with effect sizes of 0.57 to 1.03. Serum BDNF at T2 was significantly greater than T0 and T1. Although no statistically significant improvements were observed in the MDS-NMS, 9 of 12 participants had improved non-motor symptoms. There was good adherence, sustained independent exercise engagement, and no adverse events over the 5-month study duration.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that NW exercise was a safe, feasible, and sustainable mode of aerobic exercise for this sample of participants with varied Parkinson's disease duration and severity. Following an individualized and progressive NW training intervention, significant improvements in walking function, daily activity level, and motor function were observed. Following the supervised NW training phase, independent three-month engagement in NW exercise was sustained with long-term retention of these clinical improvements and an increase in serum BDNF levels over this five-month NW exercise trial.ImpactNordic walking exercise may be a safe, feasible and sustainable mode of independent exercise for improving daily ambulatory activity, gait and motor function, and serum BDNF in individuals with mild to moderate PD with varied gait abilities.Clinical Trials Registry ID20-101-Hhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fresc.2022.1010097/fullParkinson's diseasenordic walkingexercise traininggait functionexercise biomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Cathy C. Harro Michael J Shoemaker Cassandra M. Coatney Valerie E. Lentine Lillian R. Lieffers Jessica J. Quigley Shannon G. Rollins Jonathan D. Stewart Julie Hall Sok Kean Khoo Effects of nordic walking exercise on gait, motor/non-motor symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with Parkinson's disease Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences Parkinson's disease nordic walking exercise training gait function exercise biomarkers |
| title | Effects of nordic walking exercise on gait, motor/non-motor symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with Parkinson's disease |
| title_full | Effects of nordic walking exercise on gait, motor/non-motor symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with Parkinson's disease |
| title_fullStr | Effects of nordic walking exercise on gait, motor/non-motor symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with Parkinson's disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of nordic walking exercise on gait, motor/non-motor symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with Parkinson's disease |
| title_short | Effects of nordic walking exercise on gait, motor/non-motor symptoms, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with Parkinson's disease |
| title_sort | effects of nordic walking exercise on gait motor non motor symptoms and serum brain derived neurotrophic factor in individuals with parkinson s disease |
| topic | Parkinson's disease nordic walking exercise training gait function exercise biomarkers |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fresc.2022.1010097/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cathycharro effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT michaeljshoemaker effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT cassandramcoatney effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT valerieelentine effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT lillianrlieffers effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT jessicajquigley effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT shannongrollins effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT jonathandstewart effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT juliehall effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease AT sokkeankhoo effectsofnordicwalkingexerciseongaitmotornonmotorsymptomsandserumbrainderivedneurotrophicfactorinindividualswithparkinsonsdisease |