| Summary: | Bio-treatment of anaerobically treated swine wastewater (ADSW) mediated by microalgae has been deemed as a promising strategy. In the present study, six microalgal strains were used to conduct batch experiments in 0~100% ADSW in order to evaluate their potentials for nutrient removal and biodiesel production. Two strains, <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> FACHB-8 and <i>Chlorella</i> sp. FACHB-31, were selected based on their better growth performances, higher tolerance to wastewater (up to 100%), and better nutrient removal abilities. The capacity of each strain to remove TN, TP, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N, as well as lipid production and biomass composition in 100% ADSW were further examined. After 15 days of culture, 87.68~89.85%, 92.61~93.68%, and 97.02~97.86% of the nitrogen, phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen were removed by <i>Chlorella</i> sp. FACHB-31 and <i>C. vulgaris</i> FACHB-8. Their lipid content and lipid productivities were 29.63~33.33% and 18.91~23.10 mg L<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Proteins were both the major biomass fraction followed by lipids and then carbohydrates. Their fatty acid profiles both mainly consisted of C-16:0, C-18:1, C-18:0, and C-18:2. Taken together, our results suggest that <i>C. vulgaris</i> FACHB-8 and <i>Chlorella</i> sp. FACHB-31 are potential candidates for biodiesel production by using ADSW as a good feedstock.
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