Optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading events
Abstract Rwanda's power system security is the most important in optimization of grid frequency to prevent power blackouts caused by load disturbances and power imbalances. To manually stabilize and restore network frequency, a tuned PID (Proportional, Integral, and Derivative) controller was u...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2022-10-01
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| Series: | SN Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-022-05188-5 |
| _version_ | 1817984031885623296 |
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| author | Boniface Ntambara Ritha Umuhoza |
| author_facet | Boniface Ntambara Ritha Umuhoza |
| author_sort | Boniface Ntambara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Rwanda's power system security is the most important in optimization of grid frequency to prevent power blackouts caused by load disturbances and power imbalances. To manually stabilize and restore network frequency, a tuned PID (Proportional, Integral, and Derivative) controller was used, but it was inefficient and unreliable. The objective of this article is to develop a system that can be used to balance generation—demand powers during power outages by alleviating grid frequency in load disturbance cascaded events. By balancing power generation and demand, the balanced steady-state approach was proposed and developed to restore and optimize grid frequency to its normal state. This technique used PID-Power System Automatic Stabilization (PID-PSAS) technique based on load frequency control. The load disturbances of ± 20%, ± 10%, and ± 5% of a 250 MW power load were considered. MATLAB/Simulink was utilized to model and simulate the Rwanda power and controller systems. The results showed that the frequency responses of single and two area western and northern grids were reduced to $${13*10}^{-5}$$ 13 ∗ 10 - 5 Hz, $${15*10}^{-6}$$ 15 ∗ 10 - 6 Hz, and 0.251 s for overshoot, steady-state error, and settling time respectively. The proposed control system performance of 99.86% success rate was achieved and compared with the current control techniques of 70.6% performance rate. A stable frequency was observed at any disturbances and more than 300 megawatt losses were mitigated. Finally, the developed control technique rapidly stabilize the frequency and balance the generation-demand powers after 0.251 s. Future works have to focus on 0 Hz of steady state errors using cyber-physical power optimization systems. Article Highlights 1. The steadiness of connected loads and power utility supply 2. Reduction of frequency instability and stead-state values 3. Prevention and mitigation of power blackouts and power interruptions |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:40:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d0846057e050481c8dbbc21c84d149f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2523-3963 2523-3971 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:40:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | SN Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d0846057e050481c8dbbc21c84d149f22022-12-22T02:24:33ZengSpringerSN Applied Sciences2523-39632523-39712022-10-0141111210.1007/s42452-022-05188-5Optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading eventsBoniface Ntambara0Ritha Umuhoza1Department of Manufacturing, Industrial and Textile Engineering, Moi UniversitySchool of Computational and Communication Science and Engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and TechnologyAbstract Rwanda's power system security is the most important in optimization of grid frequency to prevent power blackouts caused by load disturbances and power imbalances. To manually stabilize and restore network frequency, a tuned PID (Proportional, Integral, and Derivative) controller was used, but it was inefficient and unreliable. The objective of this article is to develop a system that can be used to balance generation—demand powers during power outages by alleviating grid frequency in load disturbance cascaded events. By balancing power generation and demand, the balanced steady-state approach was proposed and developed to restore and optimize grid frequency to its normal state. This technique used PID-Power System Automatic Stabilization (PID-PSAS) technique based on load frequency control. The load disturbances of ± 20%, ± 10%, and ± 5% of a 250 MW power load were considered. MATLAB/Simulink was utilized to model and simulate the Rwanda power and controller systems. The results showed that the frequency responses of single and two area western and northern grids were reduced to $${13*10}^{-5}$$ 13 ∗ 10 - 5 Hz, $${15*10}^{-6}$$ 15 ∗ 10 - 6 Hz, and 0.251 s for overshoot, steady-state error, and settling time respectively. The proposed control system performance of 99.86% success rate was achieved and compared with the current control techniques of 70.6% performance rate. A stable frequency was observed at any disturbances and more than 300 megawatt losses were mitigated. Finally, the developed control technique rapidly stabilize the frequency and balance the generation-demand powers after 0.251 s. Future works have to focus on 0 Hz of steady state errors using cyber-physical power optimization systems. Article Highlights 1. The steadiness of connected loads and power utility supply 2. Reduction of frequency instability and stead-state values 3. Prevention and mitigation of power blackouts and power interruptionshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-022-05188-5PID-PSAS controllerPower system automationFrequency load controlPower system stabilityMATLAB/SimulinkPower blackouts |
| spellingShingle | Boniface Ntambara Ritha Umuhoza Optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading events SN Applied Sciences PID-PSAS controller Power system automation Frequency load control Power system stability MATLAB/Simulink Power blackouts |
| title | Optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading events |
| title_full | Optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading events |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading events |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading events |
| title_short | Optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading events |
| title_sort | optimization of rwanda power system protection in power blackouts and cascading events |
| topic | PID-PSAS controller Power system automation Frequency load control Power system stability MATLAB/Simulink Power blackouts |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-022-05188-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bonifacentambara optimizationofrwandapowersystemprotectioninpowerblackoutsandcascadingevents AT rithaumuhoza optimizationofrwandapowersystemprotectioninpowerblackoutsandcascadingevents |