Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult Medaka
With the legalization of marijuana smoking in several states of the United States and many other countries for medicinal and recreational use, the possibility of its release into the environment cannot be overruled. Currently, the environmental levels of marijuana metabolites are not monitored on a...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Xenobiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/13/2/18 |
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| author | Marlee Vassall Sourav Chakraborty Yashi Feng Mehwish Faheem Xuegeng Wang Ramji Kumar Bhandari |
| author_facet | Marlee Vassall Sourav Chakraborty Yashi Feng Mehwish Faheem Xuegeng Wang Ramji Kumar Bhandari |
| author_sort | Marlee Vassall |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the legalization of marijuana smoking in several states of the United States and many other countries for medicinal and recreational use, the possibility of its release into the environment cannot be overruled. Currently, the environmental levels of marijuana metabolites are not monitored on a regular basis, and their stability in the environment is not well understood. Laboratory studies have linked delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC) exposure with behavioral abnormalities in some fish species; however, their effects on endocrine organs are less understood. To understand the effects of THC on the brain and gonads, we exposed adult medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>, Hd-rR strain, both male and female) to 50 ug/L THC for 21 days spanning their complete spermatogenic and oogenic cycles. We examined transcriptional responses of the brain and gonads (testis and ovary) to Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC, particularly molecular pathways associated with behavioral and reproductive functions. The Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC effects were more profound in males than females. The Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC-induced differential expression pattern of genes in the brain of the male fish suggested pathways to neurodegenerative diseases and pathways to reproductive impairment in the testis. The present results provide insights into endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms due to environmental cannabinoid compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:16:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d085dc3c6e274f8cb1bf687c322ce717 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2039-4705 2039-4713 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:16:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Xenobiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d085dc3c6e274f8cb1bf687c322ce7172023-11-18T11:09:55ZengMDPI AGJournal of Xenobiotics2039-47052039-47132023-05-0113223725110.3390/jox13020018Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult MedakaMarlee Vassall0Sourav Chakraborty1Yashi Feng2Mehwish Faheem3Xuegeng Wang4Ramji Kumar Bhandari5Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC 27412, USAWith the legalization of marijuana smoking in several states of the United States and many other countries for medicinal and recreational use, the possibility of its release into the environment cannot be overruled. Currently, the environmental levels of marijuana metabolites are not monitored on a regular basis, and their stability in the environment is not well understood. Laboratory studies have linked delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC) exposure with behavioral abnormalities in some fish species; however, their effects on endocrine organs are less understood. To understand the effects of THC on the brain and gonads, we exposed adult medaka (<i>Oryzias latipes</i>, Hd-rR strain, both male and female) to 50 ug/L THC for 21 days spanning their complete spermatogenic and oogenic cycles. We examined transcriptional responses of the brain and gonads (testis and ovary) to Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC, particularly molecular pathways associated with behavioral and reproductive functions. The Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC effects were more profound in males than females. The Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC-induced differential expression pattern of genes in the brain of the male fish suggested pathways to neurodegenerative diseases and pathways to reproductive impairment in the testis. The present results provide insights into endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms due to environmental cannabinoid compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/13/2/18Δ<sup>9</sup>-THCbrainmedaka fishreproductive effectstestisovary |
| spellingShingle | Marlee Vassall Sourav Chakraborty Yashi Feng Mehwish Faheem Xuegeng Wang Ramji Kumar Bhandari Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult Medaka Journal of Xenobiotics Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC brain medaka fish reproductive effects testis ovary |
| title | Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult Medaka |
| title_full | Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult Medaka |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult Medaka |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult Medaka |
| title_short | Transcriptional Alterations Induced by Delta-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Brain and Gonads of Adult Medaka |
| title_sort | transcriptional alterations induced by delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol in the brain and gonads of adult medaka |
| topic | Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC brain medaka fish reproductive effects testis ovary |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/13/2/18 |
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