Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications
This study proposed the dimensions of 55 mm × 34 mm × 1 mm for wearable antenna; the copper Y-slot patch and copper partial ground are attached to a felt substrate. The partial ground has the higher impact in antenna gain enhancement compared with the full ground, making it the most suitable candida...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/12/2754 |
| _version_ | 1797595130486587392 |
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| author | Fatimah Fawzi Hashim Wan Nor Liza Binti Wan Mahadi Tarik Bin Abdul Latef Mohamadariff Bin Othman |
| author_facet | Fatimah Fawzi Hashim Wan Nor Liza Binti Wan Mahadi Tarik Bin Abdul Latef Mohamadariff Bin Othman |
| author_sort | Fatimah Fawzi Hashim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study proposed the dimensions of 55 mm × 34 mm × 1 mm for wearable antenna; the copper Y-slot patch and copper partial ground are attached to a felt substrate. The partial ground has the higher impact in antenna gain enhancement compared with the full ground, making it the most suitable candidate for wearable applications and suitable for embedding in fabrics for use in medical applications. In addition, the proposed antenna design combined a fabric–metal barrier operated at 2.4 GHz 65.4% with a low specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.01 watts per kilogramme (W/kg) and 0.006 W/kg per 10 g and a gain of 6.48 dBi. The proposed antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern. The two-layer barrier is designed to achieve high electromagnetic (EM) absorption and reduce the antenna’s absorption coefficient (SAR) for safe use in applications involving human activities. Simulation and measurement results on the arm and the head of the human body indicated that the antenna has excellent performance. In addition, the measurement results agreed well with the simulation results, making the proposed wearable antenna reliable for medical and 5G applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:32:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d09a7c135dc5458fb631d9aa62e2dc2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:32:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d09a7c135dc5458fb631d9aa62e2dc2d2023-11-18T10:10:06ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922023-06-011212275410.3390/electronics12122754Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G ApplicationsFatimah Fawzi Hashim0Wan Nor Liza Binti Wan Mahadi1Tarik Bin Abdul Latef2Mohamadariff Bin Othman3Department of Electrical Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaThis study proposed the dimensions of 55 mm × 34 mm × 1 mm for wearable antenna; the copper Y-slot patch and copper partial ground are attached to a felt substrate. The partial ground has the higher impact in antenna gain enhancement compared with the full ground, making it the most suitable candidate for wearable applications and suitable for embedding in fabrics for use in medical applications. In addition, the proposed antenna design combined a fabric–metal barrier operated at 2.4 GHz 65.4% with a low specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.01 watts per kilogramme (W/kg) and 0.006 W/kg per 10 g and a gain of 6.48 dBi. The proposed antenna has an omnidirectional radiation pattern. The two-layer barrier is designed to achieve high electromagnetic (EM) absorption and reduce the antenna’s absorption coefficient (SAR) for safe use in applications involving human activities. Simulation and measurement results on the arm and the head of the human body indicated that the antenna has excellent performance. In addition, the measurement results agreed well with the simulation results, making the proposed wearable antenna reliable for medical and 5G applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/12/2754bandwidthEMfabric substratereflection coefficientSARmedical application |
| spellingShingle | Fatimah Fawzi Hashim Wan Nor Liza Binti Wan Mahadi Tarik Bin Abdul Latef Mohamadariff Bin Othman Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications Electronics bandwidth EM fabric substrate reflection coefficient SAR medical application |
| title | Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications |
| title_full | Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications |
| title_fullStr | Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications |
| title_short | Fabric–Metal Barrier for Low Specific Absorption Rate and Wide-Band Felt Substrate Antenna for Medical and 5G Applications |
| title_sort | fabric metal barrier for low specific absorption rate and wide band felt substrate antenna for medical and 5g applications |
| topic | bandwidth EM fabric substrate reflection coefficient SAR medical application |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/12/2754 |
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