Future Renewable Fuel Mixes in Transport in Germany under RED II and Climate Protection Targets
With the Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2001 (RED II), adopted in December 2018, the EU is continuing the political framework for the use of renewable energy sources in the transport sector for the period from 2021 to 2030. At the same time, the German federal government has set a target of reducin...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1712 |
| _version_ | 1797571489895022592 |
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| author | Kathleen Meisel Markus Millinger Karin Naumann Franziska Müller-Langer Stefan Majer Daniela Thrän |
| author_facet | Kathleen Meisel Markus Millinger Karin Naumann Franziska Müller-Langer Stefan Majer Daniela Thrän |
| author_sort | Kathleen Meisel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2001 (RED II), adopted in December 2018, the EU is continuing the political framework for the use of renewable energy sources in the transport sector for the period from 2021 to 2030. At the same time, the German federal government has set a target of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transport sector by at least 40% to 42% by 2030 compared to the 1990 GHG level. To investigate the possible effects of the European and national requirements on the German GHG quota, cost-optimal fuel mixes were modelled to achieve the GHG targets of 26 fuel options in each of the nine different scenarios. The results show clear differences between the scenarios that implement the RED II targets (including 14% renewables in transport by 2030) and those that implement the climate protection target (40–42% GHG reduction compared to 1990 by 2030). If only the minimum requirements of RED II are met, the German climate protection target is clearly missed without further measures. In order to achieve the climate protection target, a significant reduction in the final energy consumption in transport is required, as well as a very high GHG quota of 34.5%, meaning a high proportion of renewables of ca. 40% and using almost all the fuel options considered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:41:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d0b5c4053fe8426eae50940846a7dfd7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:41:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-d0b5c4053fe8426eae50940846a7dfd72023-11-19T20:40:57ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-04-01137171210.3390/en13071712Future Renewable Fuel Mixes in Transport in Germany under RED II and Climate Protection TargetsKathleen Meisel0Markus Millinger1Karin Naumann2Franziska Müller-Langer3Stefan Majer4Daniela Thrän5DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Bioenergy, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, GermanyDBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, GermanyDBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, GermanyDBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, GermanyDBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, GermanyWith the Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2001 (RED II), adopted in December 2018, the EU is continuing the political framework for the use of renewable energy sources in the transport sector for the period from 2021 to 2030. At the same time, the German federal government has set a target of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transport sector by at least 40% to 42% by 2030 compared to the 1990 GHG level. To investigate the possible effects of the European and national requirements on the German GHG quota, cost-optimal fuel mixes were modelled to achieve the GHG targets of 26 fuel options in each of the nine different scenarios. The results show clear differences between the scenarios that implement the RED II targets (including 14% renewables in transport by 2030) and those that implement the climate protection target (40–42% GHG reduction compared to 1990 by 2030). If only the minimum requirements of RED II are met, the German climate protection target is clearly missed without further measures. In order to achieve the climate protection target, a significant reduction in the final energy consumption in transport is required, as well as a very high GHG quota of 34.5%, meaning a high proportion of renewables of ca. 40% and using almost all the fuel options considered.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1712biofuelsGHG emissionsGHG quotaRED IImodellingcompetition |
| spellingShingle | Kathleen Meisel Markus Millinger Karin Naumann Franziska Müller-Langer Stefan Majer Daniela Thrän Future Renewable Fuel Mixes in Transport in Germany under RED II and Climate Protection Targets Energies biofuels GHG emissions GHG quota RED II modelling competition |
| title | Future Renewable Fuel Mixes in Transport in Germany under RED II and Climate Protection Targets |
| title_full | Future Renewable Fuel Mixes in Transport in Germany under RED II and Climate Protection Targets |
| title_fullStr | Future Renewable Fuel Mixes in Transport in Germany under RED II and Climate Protection Targets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Future Renewable Fuel Mixes in Transport in Germany under RED II and Climate Protection Targets |
| title_short | Future Renewable Fuel Mixes in Transport in Germany under RED II and Climate Protection Targets |
| title_sort | future renewable fuel mixes in transport in germany under red ii and climate protection targets |
| topic | biofuels GHG emissions GHG quota RED II modelling competition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/7/1712 |
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