Genome Analysis and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Suggestive of a New Genus in the Subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i>
<i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, a foodborne pathogen, is a major concern for food safety. Its MDR serovars of animal origin pose a serious threat to the human population. Phage therapy can be an alternative for the treatment of such MDR <i>Salmonella</i> serovars. In this stud...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/2/241 |
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| author | Sadia Sattar Inam Ullah Sofia Khanum Marc Bailie Bushra Shamsi Ibrar Ahmed Tahir Abbas Shah Sundus Javed Aamir Ghafoor Amna Pervaiz Fakiha Sohail Kaleem Imdad Aamira Tariq Nazish Bostan Ijaz Ali Eric Altermann |
| author_facet | Sadia Sattar Inam Ullah Sofia Khanum Marc Bailie Bushra Shamsi Ibrar Ahmed Tahir Abbas Shah Sundus Javed Aamir Ghafoor Amna Pervaiz Fakiha Sohail Kaleem Imdad Aamira Tariq Nazish Bostan Ijaz Ali Eric Altermann |
| author_sort | Sadia Sattar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, a foodborne pathogen, is a major concern for food safety. Its MDR serovars of animal origin pose a serious threat to the human population. Phage therapy can be an alternative for the treatment of such MDR <i>Salmonella</i> serovars. In this study, we report on detailed genome analyses of a novel <i>Salmonella</i> phage (<i>Salmonella</i>-Phage-SSBI34) and evaluate its therapeutic potential. The phage was evaluated for latent time, burst size, host range, and bacterial growth reduction in liquid cultures. The phage stability was examined at various pH levels and temperatures. The genome analysis (141.095 Kb) indicated that its nucleotide sequence is novel, as it exhibited only 1–7% DNA coverage. The phage genome features 44% GC content, and 234 putative open reading frames were predicted. The genome was predicted to encode for 28 structural proteins and 40 enzymes related to nucleotide metabolism, DNA modification, and protein synthesis. Further, the genome features 11 tRNA genes for 10 different amino acids, indicating alternate codon usage, and hosts a unique hydrolase for bacterial lysis. This study provides new insights into the subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i>, of which SSBI34 may represent a new genus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:52:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d0d5b7f69d3b4a7f82623cfa70fd5ce0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:52:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-d0d5b7f69d3b4a7f82623cfa70fd5ce02023-11-23T22:29:44ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-01-0114224110.3390/v14020241Genome Analysis and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Suggestive of a New Genus in the Subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i>Sadia Sattar0Inam Ullah1Sofia Khanum2Marc Bailie3Bushra Shamsi4Ibrar Ahmed5Tahir Abbas Shah6Sundus Javed7Aamir Ghafoor8Amna Pervaiz9Fakiha Sohail10Kaleem Imdad11Aamira Tariq12Nazish Bostan13Ijaz Ali14Eric Altermann15Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanMolecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanAgResearch, Palmerston North 4410, New ZealandAgResearch, Palmerston North 4410, New ZealandMolecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanAlpha Genomics Private Limited, Islamabad 45710, PakistanFunctional Genomics Lab, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanMicrobiology and Immunology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanUniversity Diagnostic Lab, The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore 54000, PakistanMolecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanMolecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanMicrobiology and Immunology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanMicrobiology and Immunology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanMolecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanMolecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, PakistanAgResearch, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand<i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, a foodborne pathogen, is a major concern for food safety. Its MDR serovars of animal origin pose a serious threat to the human population. Phage therapy can be an alternative for the treatment of such MDR <i>Salmonella</i> serovars. In this study, we report on detailed genome analyses of a novel <i>Salmonella</i> phage (<i>Salmonella</i>-Phage-SSBI34) and evaluate its therapeutic potential. The phage was evaluated for latent time, burst size, host range, and bacterial growth reduction in liquid cultures. The phage stability was examined at various pH levels and temperatures. The genome analysis (141.095 Kb) indicated that its nucleotide sequence is novel, as it exhibited only 1–7% DNA coverage. The phage genome features 44% GC content, and 234 putative open reading frames were predicted. The genome was predicted to encode for 28 structural proteins and 40 enzymes related to nucleotide metabolism, DNA modification, and protein synthesis. Further, the genome features 11 tRNA genes for 10 different amino acids, indicating alternate codon usage, and hosts a unique hydrolase for bacterial lysis. This study provides new insights into the subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i>, of which SSBI34 may represent a new genus.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/2/241lytic phages<i>Vequintavirinae</i>genome analysis<i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium<i>Salmonella</i>-specific bacteriophage |
| spellingShingle | Sadia Sattar Inam Ullah Sofia Khanum Marc Bailie Bushra Shamsi Ibrar Ahmed Tahir Abbas Shah Sundus Javed Aamir Ghafoor Amna Pervaiz Fakiha Sohail Kaleem Imdad Aamira Tariq Nazish Bostan Ijaz Ali Eric Altermann Genome Analysis and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Suggestive of a New Genus in the Subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i> Viruses lytic phages <i>Vequintavirinae</i> genome analysis <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium <i>Salmonella</i>-specific bacteriophage |
| title | Genome Analysis and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Suggestive of a New Genus in the Subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i> |
| title_full | Genome Analysis and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Suggestive of a New Genus in the Subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i> |
| title_fullStr | Genome Analysis and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Suggestive of a New Genus in the Subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome Analysis and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Suggestive of a New Genus in the Subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i> |
| title_short | Genome Analysis and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage of <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium: Suggestive of a New Genus in the Subfamily <i>Vequintavirinae</i> |
| title_sort | genome analysis and therapeutic evaluation of a novel lytic bacteriophage of i salmonella i typhimurium suggestive of a new genus in the subfamily i vequintavirinae i |
| topic | lytic phages <i>Vequintavirinae</i> genome analysis <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium <i>Salmonella</i>-specific bacteriophage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/2/241 |
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