Energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities
Energy budgeting is important for determining the sustainability and vulnerability of a crop production system. In the present study, an assessment of the energy requirements for cashew cultivation under three different planting densities was carried out during 2015-20. The study revealed that the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Action for Sustainable Efficacious Development and Awareness
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Environment Conservation Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://journal.environcj.in/index.php/ecj/article/view/1462 |
| _version_ | 1797677640282275840 |
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| author | Manjunatha Krishnappa Mundakochi Gangadhara Nayak Shamsudheen Mangalassery Preethi Palpandian Muralidhara Bommanahalli Munivenkata Siddanna Savadi |
| author_facet | Manjunatha Krishnappa Mundakochi Gangadhara Nayak Shamsudheen Mangalassery Preethi Palpandian Muralidhara Bommanahalli Munivenkata Siddanna Savadi |
| author_sort | Manjunatha Krishnappa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Energy budgeting is important for determining the sustainability and vulnerability of a crop production system. In the present study, an assessment of the energy requirements for cashew cultivation under three different planting densities was carried out during 2015-20. The study revealed that the total input energy consumption for cashew cultivation ranged from 75292.68 to 120903.58 MJ/ha. The energy productivity from 0.04 to 0.13 kg/MJ and energy use efficiency varied from 8.46 to 24.61% under three planting densities. The highest energy was consumed in terms of chemical fertilizers for all the planting densities followed by fuel (diesel), machinery, farmyard manure (FYM), pesticides, petrol and human energy. The analysis revealed the need to implement improved management practices to enhance the energy efficiency by reducing the energy consumption in inputs, by optimizing energy consumption and/or improving the crop yield by optimizing the cultivation methods and switching from non-renewable sources to renewable sources of energy. Among the three different planting densities, 2.5x2.5 m spacing consumed the highest energy followed by 5x5 m and 7.5x7.5m spacing. However, the planting density of 2.5x2.5 m spacing was more energy efficient over the years due to more yields per unit area.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:48:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d0e6cb55cdf640b69fd42b8b0fd0819f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-3099 2278-5124 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:48:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Action for Sustainable Efficacious Development and Awareness |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment Conservation Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-d0e6cb55cdf640b69fd42b8b0fd0819f2023-09-22T05:09:45ZengAction for Sustainable Efficacious Development and AwarenessEnvironment Conservation Journal0972-30992278-51242023-04-0124310.36953/ECJ.14622444Energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities Manjunatha Krishnappa0Mundakochi Gangadhara Nayak1Shamsudheen Mangalassery2Preethi Palpandian3Muralidhara Bommanahalli Munivenkata4Siddanna Savadi5ICAR- Directorate of Cashew ResearchICAR- Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur 574202, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, IndiaICAR- Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur 574202, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, IndiaICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IndiaICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IndiaICAR- Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur 574202, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India Energy budgeting is important for determining the sustainability and vulnerability of a crop production system. In the present study, an assessment of the energy requirements for cashew cultivation under three different planting densities was carried out during 2015-20. The study revealed that the total input energy consumption for cashew cultivation ranged from 75292.68 to 120903.58 MJ/ha. The energy productivity from 0.04 to 0.13 kg/MJ and energy use efficiency varied from 8.46 to 24.61% under three planting densities. The highest energy was consumed in terms of chemical fertilizers for all the planting densities followed by fuel (diesel), machinery, farmyard manure (FYM), pesticides, petrol and human energy. The analysis revealed the need to implement improved management practices to enhance the energy efficiency by reducing the energy consumption in inputs, by optimizing energy consumption and/or improving the crop yield by optimizing the cultivation methods and switching from non-renewable sources to renewable sources of energy. Among the three different planting densities, 2.5x2.5 m spacing consumed the highest energy followed by 5x5 m and 7.5x7.5m spacing. However, the planting density of 2.5x2.5 m spacing was more energy efficient over the years due to more yields per unit area. https://journal.environcj.in/index.php/ecj/article/view/1462CashewEnergy inputEnergy analysisEnergy equivalentsSpecific energy |
| spellingShingle | Manjunatha Krishnappa Mundakochi Gangadhara Nayak Shamsudheen Mangalassery Preethi Palpandian Muralidhara Bommanahalli Munivenkata Siddanna Savadi Energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities Environment Conservation Journal Cashew Energy input Energy analysis Energy equivalents Specific energy |
| title | Energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities |
| title_full | Energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities |
| title_fullStr | Energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities |
| title_short | Energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities |
| title_sort | energy budgeting and life cycle assessment of cashew cultivation under different planting densities |
| topic | Cashew Energy input Energy analysis Energy equivalents Specific energy |
| url | https://journal.environcj.in/index.php/ecj/article/view/1462 |
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