<i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas Essential Oil: An Ally against Oral Pathogens and Mouth Health
The genus <i>Thymus</i> L., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, contains about 220 species with a distribution that mainly extends in Europe, northwest Africa, Ethiopia, Asia, and southern Greenland. Due to their excellent biological properties, fresh and/or dried leaves and aerial parts...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4803 |
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| author | Giusy Castagliuolo Michela Di Napoli Alessandro Vaglica Natale Badalamenti Dario Antonini Mario Varcamonti Maurizio Bruno Anna Zanfardino Giuseppe Bazan |
| author_facet | Giusy Castagliuolo Michela Di Napoli Alessandro Vaglica Natale Badalamenti Dario Antonini Mario Varcamonti Maurizio Bruno Anna Zanfardino Giuseppe Bazan |
| author_sort | Giusy Castagliuolo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The genus <i>Thymus</i> L., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, contains about 220 species with a distribution that mainly extends in Europe, northwest Africa, Ethiopia, Asia, and southern Greenland. Due to their excellent biological properties, fresh and/or dried leaves and aerial parts of several <i>Thymus</i> ssp. have been utilized in the traditional medicine of many countries. To evaluate not only the chemical aspects but also the biological properties, the essential oils (EOs), obtained from the pre-flowering and flowering aerial parts of <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas, endemic to Marettimo Island (Sicily, Italy), were investigated. The chemical composition of the EOs, obtained by classical hydrodistillation and GC-MS and GC-FID analyses, showed the occurrence of similar amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The main constituents of the pre-flowering oil were <i>β-</i>bisabolene (28.54%), <i>p</i>-cymene (24.45%), and thymol methyl ether (15.90%). The EO obtained from the flowering aerial parts showed as principal metabolites <i>β-</i>bisabolene (17.91%), thymol (16.26%), and limonene (15.59%). The EO of the flowering aerial parts, and its main pure constituents, <i>β-</i>bisabolene, thymol, limonene, <i>p</i>-cymene, and thymol methyl ether were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens and for their antibiofilm and antioxidant properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:06:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d116e8967c0247249a46a20d6643def7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:06:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-d116e8967c0247249a46a20d6643def72023-11-18T11:50:34ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-06-012812480310.3390/molecules28124803<i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas Essential Oil: An Ally against Oral Pathogens and Mouth HealthGiusy Castagliuolo0Michela Di Napoli1Alessandro Vaglica2Natale Badalamenti3Dario Antonini4Mario Varcamonti5Maurizio Bruno6Anna Zanfardino7Giuseppe Bazan8Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, ItalyThe genus <i>Thymus</i> L., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, contains about 220 species with a distribution that mainly extends in Europe, northwest Africa, Ethiopia, Asia, and southern Greenland. Due to their excellent biological properties, fresh and/or dried leaves and aerial parts of several <i>Thymus</i> ssp. have been utilized in the traditional medicine of many countries. To evaluate not only the chemical aspects but also the biological properties, the essential oils (EOs), obtained from the pre-flowering and flowering aerial parts of <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas, endemic to Marettimo Island (Sicily, Italy), were investigated. The chemical composition of the EOs, obtained by classical hydrodistillation and GC-MS and GC-FID analyses, showed the occurrence of similar amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The main constituents of the pre-flowering oil were <i>β-</i>bisabolene (28.54%), <i>p</i>-cymene (24.45%), and thymol methyl ether (15.90%). The EO obtained from the flowering aerial parts showed as principal metabolites <i>β-</i>bisabolene (17.91%), thymol (16.26%), and limonene (15.59%). The EO of the flowering aerial parts, and its main pure constituents, <i>β-</i>bisabolene, thymol, limonene, <i>p</i>-cymene, and thymol methyl ether were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens and for their antibiofilm and antioxidant properties.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4803<i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i>Lamiaceaeessential oil<i>β</i>-bisabolenethymolantimicrobial |
| spellingShingle | Giusy Castagliuolo Michela Di Napoli Alessandro Vaglica Natale Badalamenti Dario Antonini Mario Varcamonti Maurizio Bruno Anna Zanfardino Giuseppe Bazan <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas Essential Oil: An Ally against Oral Pathogens and Mouth Health Molecules <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> Lamiaceae essential oil <i>β</i>-bisabolene thymol antimicrobial |
| title | <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas Essential Oil: An Ally against Oral Pathogens and Mouth Health |
| title_full | <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas Essential Oil: An Ally against Oral Pathogens and Mouth Health |
| title_fullStr | <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas Essential Oil: An Ally against Oral Pathogens and Mouth Health |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas Essential Oil: An Ally against Oral Pathogens and Mouth Health |
| title_short | <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> (Guss.) Jalas Essential Oil: An Ally against Oral Pathogens and Mouth Health |
| title_sort | i thymus richardii i subsp i nitidus i guss jalas essential oil an ally against oral pathogens and mouth health |
| topic | <i>Thymus richardii</i> subsp. <i>nitidus</i> Lamiaceae essential oil <i>β</i>-bisabolene thymol antimicrobial |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4803 |
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