Mycovirus-Induced Hypervirulence of Leptosphaeria biglobosa Enhances Systemic Acquired Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus
Phoma stem canker (blackleg) is one of the most important diseases of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) worldwide and is caused by a complex that comprises at least two species: Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa. Screening a panel of field Leptosphaeria isolates from B. napus for the presen...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The American Phytopathological Society
2020-01-01
|
| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-09-19-0254-R |
| _version_ | 1818915094616080384 |
|---|---|
| author | Unnati A. Shah Ioly Kotta-Loizou Bruce D. L. Fitt Robert H. A. Coutts |
| author_facet | Unnati A. Shah Ioly Kotta-Loizou Bruce D. L. Fitt Robert H. A. Coutts |
| author_sort | Unnati A. Shah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phoma stem canker (blackleg) is one of the most important diseases of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) worldwide and is caused by a complex that comprises at least two species: Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa. Screening a panel of field Leptosphaeria isolates from B. napus for the presence of mycoviruses revealed the presence of a novel double-stranded RNA quadrivirus in L. biglobosa and no viruses in L. maculans. Following elimination of the mycovirus, virus-infected and virus-free isogenic lines of L. biglobosa were created. A direct comparison of the growth and virulence of these isogenic lines illustrated that virus infection caused hypervirulence and resulted in induced systemic resistance toward L. maculans in B. napus following lower leaf preinoculation with the virus-infected isolate. Analysis of the plant transcriptome suggests that the presence of the virus leads to subtle alterations in metabolism and plant defenses. For instance, transcripts involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism are enriched in plants treated with the virus-infected isolate, while pathogenesis-related proteins, chitinases and WRKY transcription factors are differentially expressed. These results illustrate the potential for deliberate inoculation of plants with hypervirulent L. biglobosa to decrease the severity of Phoma stem canker later in the growing season.[Graphic: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:56:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d13805c5626e4b46988f2f8944d9ef49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:56:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-d13805c5626e4b46988f2f8944d9ef492022-12-21T20:00:59ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062020-01-013319810710.1094/MPMI-09-19-0254-RMycovirus-Induced Hypervirulence of Leptosphaeria biglobosa Enhances Systemic Acquired Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napusUnnati A. Shah0Ioly Kotta-Loizou1Bruce D. L. Fitt2Robert H. A. Coutts3Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, U.K.Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, U.K.Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, U.K.Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, U.K.Phoma stem canker (blackleg) is one of the most important diseases of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) worldwide and is caused by a complex that comprises at least two species: Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa. Screening a panel of field Leptosphaeria isolates from B. napus for the presence of mycoviruses revealed the presence of a novel double-stranded RNA quadrivirus in L. biglobosa and no viruses in L. maculans. Following elimination of the mycovirus, virus-infected and virus-free isogenic lines of L. biglobosa were created. A direct comparison of the growth and virulence of these isogenic lines illustrated that virus infection caused hypervirulence and resulted in induced systemic resistance toward L. maculans in B. napus following lower leaf preinoculation with the virus-infected isolate. Analysis of the plant transcriptome suggests that the presence of the virus leads to subtle alterations in metabolism and plant defenses. For instance, transcripts involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism are enriched in plants treated with the virus-infected isolate, while pathogenesis-related proteins, chitinases and WRKY transcription factors are differentially expressed. These results illustrate the potential for deliberate inoculation of plants with hypervirulent L. biglobosa to decrease the severity of Phoma stem canker later in the growing season.[Graphic: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-09-19-0254-Rfungus–plant interactionssystemic acquired resistance |
| spellingShingle | Unnati A. Shah Ioly Kotta-Loizou Bruce D. L. Fitt Robert H. A. Coutts Mycovirus-Induced Hypervirulence of Leptosphaeria biglobosa Enhances Systemic Acquired Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions fungus–plant interactions systemic acquired resistance |
| title | Mycovirus-Induced Hypervirulence of Leptosphaeria biglobosa Enhances Systemic Acquired Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus |
| title_full | Mycovirus-Induced Hypervirulence of Leptosphaeria biglobosa Enhances Systemic Acquired Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus |
| title_fullStr | Mycovirus-Induced Hypervirulence of Leptosphaeria biglobosa Enhances Systemic Acquired Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mycovirus-Induced Hypervirulence of Leptosphaeria biglobosa Enhances Systemic Acquired Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus |
| title_short | Mycovirus-Induced Hypervirulence of Leptosphaeria biglobosa Enhances Systemic Acquired Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans in Brassica napus |
| title_sort | mycovirus induced hypervirulence of leptosphaeria biglobosa enhances systemic acquired resistance to leptosphaeria maculans in brassica napus |
| topic | fungus–plant interactions systemic acquired resistance |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-09-19-0254-R |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT unnatiashah mycovirusinducedhypervirulenceofleptosphaeriabiglobosaenhancessystemicacquiredresistancetoleptosphaeriamaculansinbrassicanapus AT iolykottaloizou mycovirusinducedhypervirulenceofleptosphaeriabiglobosaenhancessystemicacquiredresistancetoleptosphaeriamaculansinbrassicanapus AT brucedlfitt mycovirusinducedhypervirulenceofleptosphaeriabiglobosaenhancessystemicacquiredresistancetoleptosphaeriamaculansinbrassicanapus AT roberthacoutts mycovirusinducedhypervirulenceofleptosphaeriabiglobosaenhancessystemicacquiredresistancetoleptosphaeriamaculansinbrassicanapus |