A Satellite-Free Centromere in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> Chromosome 10
In mammals, centromeres are epigenetically specified by the histone H3 variant CENP-A and are typically associated with satellite DNA. We previously described the first example of a natural satellite-free centromere on <i>Equus caballus</i> chromosome 11 (ECA11) and, subsequently, on sev...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Francesca M. Piras Eleonora Cappelletti Wasma A. Abdelgadir Giulio Salamon Simone Vignati Marco Santagostino Lorenzo Sola Solomon G. Nergadze Elena Giulotto |
| author_facet | Francesca M. Piras Eleonora Cappelletti Wasma A. Abdelgadir Giulio Salamon Simone Vignati Marco Santagostino Lorenzo Sola Solomon G. Nergadze Elena Giulotto |
| author_sort | Francesca M. Piras |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In mammals, centromeres are epigenetically specified by the histone H3 variant CENP-A and are typically associated with satellite DNA. We previously described the first example of a natural satellite-free centromere on <i>Equus caballus</i> chromosome 11 (ECA11) and, subsequently, on several chromosomes in other species of the genus <i>Equus</i>. We discovered that these satellite-free neocentromeres arose recently during evolution through centromere repositioning and/or chromosomal fusion, after inactivation of the ancestral centromere, where, in many cases, blocks of satellite sequences were maintained. Here, we investigated by FISH the chromosomal distribution of satellite DNA families in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> (EPR), demonstrating a good degree of conservation of the localization of the major horse satellite families 37cen and 2PI with the domestic horse. Moreover, we demonstrated, by ChIP-seq, that 37cen is the satellite bound by CENP-A and that the centromere of EPR10, the ortholog of ECA11, is devoid of satellite sequences. Our results confirm that these two species are closely related and that the event of centromere repositioning which gave rise to EPR10/ECA11 centromeres occurred in the common ancestor, before the separation of the two horse lineages. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:41:16Z |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:41:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d13aa036e99243368d81c96d5a95b1712023-11-16T21:09:58ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244413410.3390/ijms24044134A Satellite-Free Centromere in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> Chromosome 10Francesca M. Piras0Eleonora Cappelletti1Wasma A. Abdelgadir2Giulio Salamon3Simone Vignati4Marco Santagostino5Lorenzo Sola6Solomon G. Nergadze7Elena Giulotto8Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyOasi di Sant’Alessio, Sant’Alessio con Vialone, 27016 Pavia, ItalyIndependent Researcher, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyIn mammals, centromeres are epigenetically specified by the histone H3 variant CENP-A and are typically associated with satellite DNA. We previously described the first example of a natural satellite-free centromere on <i>Equus caballus</i> chromosome 11 (ECA11) and, subsequently, on several chromosomes in other species of the genus <i>Equus</i>. We discovered that these satellite-free neocentromeres arose recently during evolution through centromere repositioning and/or chromosomal fusion, after inactivation of the ancestral centromere, where, in many cases, blocks of satellite sequences were maintained. Here, we investigated by FISH the chromosomal distribution of satellite DNA families in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> (EPR), demonstrating a good degree of conservation of the localization of the major horse satellite families 37cen and 2PI with the domestic horse. Moreover, we demonstrated, by ChIP-seq, that 37cen is the satellite bound by CENP-A and that the centromere of EPR10, the ortholog of ECA11, is devoid of satellite sequences. Our results confirm that these two species are closely related and that the event of centromere repositioning which gave rise to EPR10/ECA11 centromeres occurred in the common ancestor, before the separation of the two horse lineages.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/4134<i>Equus przewalskii</i>karyotype evolutioncentromeresatellite DNAChIP-seq |
| spellingShingle | Francesca M. Piras Eleonora Cappelletti Wasma A. Abdelgadir Giulio Salamon Simone Vignati Marco Santagostino Lorenzo Sola Solomon G. Nergadze Elena Giulotto A Satellite-Free Centromere in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> Chromosome 10 International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Equus przewalskii</i> karyotype evolution centromere satellite DNA ChIP-seq |
| title | A Satellite-Free Centromere in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> Chromosome 10 |
| title_full | A Satellite-Free Centromere in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> Chromosome 10 |
| title_fullStr | A Satellite-Free Centromere in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> Chromosome 10 |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Satellite-Free Centromere in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> Chromosome 10 |
| title_short | A Satellite-Free Centromere in <i>Equus przewalskii</i> Chromosome 10 |
| title_sort | satellite free centromere in i equus przewalskii i chromosome 10 |
| topic | <i>Equus przewalskii</i> karyotype evolution centromere satellite DNA ChIP-seq |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/4134 |
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