Anthropomorphic Design and Self-Reported Behavioral Trust: The Case of a Virtual Assistant in a Highly Automated Car
The latest advances in car automation present new challenges in vehicle–driver interactions. Indeed, acceptance and adoption of high levels of automation (when full control of the driving task is given to the automated system) are conditioned by human factors such as user trust. In this work, we stu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Machines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/11/12/1087 |
| _version_ | 1797380289416134656 |
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| author | Clarisse Lawson-Guidigbe Kahina Amokrane-Ferka Nicolas Louveton Benoit Leblanc Virgil Rousseaux Jean-Marc André |
| author_facet | Clarisse Lawson-Guidigbe Kahina Amokrane-Ferka Nicolas Louveton Benoit Leblanc Virgil Rousseaux Jean-Marc André |
| author_sort | Clarisse Lawson-Guidigbe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The latest advances in car automation present new challenges in vehicle–driver interactions. Indeed, acceptance and adoption of high levels of automation (when full control of the driving task is given to the automated system) are conditioned by human factors such as user trust. In this work, we study the impact of anthropomorphic design on user trust in the context of a highly automated car. A virtual assistant was designed using two levels of anthropomorphic design: “voice-only” and “voice with visual appearance”. The visual appearance was a three-dimensional model, integrated as a hologram in the cockpit of a driving simulator. In a driving simulator study, we compared the three interfaces: two versions of the virtual assistant interface and the baseline interface with no anthropomorphic attributes. We measured trust versus perceived anthropomorphism. We also studied the evolution of trust throughout a range of driving scenarios. We finally analyzed participants’ reaction time to takeover request events. We found a significant correlation between perceived anthropomorphism and trust. However, the three interfaces tested did not significantly differentiate in terms of perceived anthropomorphism while trust converged over time across all our measurements. Finally, we found that the anthropomorphic assistant positively impacts reaction time for one takeover request scenario. We discuss methodological issues and implication for design and further research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:35:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d14104227cbf4ee9adcc0f68e1f87a35 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1702 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:35:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Machines |
| spelling | doaj.art-d14104227cbf4ee9adcc0f68e1f87a352023-12-22T14:22:01ZengMDPI AGMachines2075-17022023-12-011112108710.3390/machines11121087Anthropomorphic Design and Self-Reported Behavioral Trust: The Case of a Virtual Assistant in a Highly Automated CarClarisse Lawson-Guidigbe0Kahina Amokrane-Ferka1Nicolas Louveton2Benoit Leblanc3Virgil Rousseaux4Jean-Marc André5IRT SystemX, 91120 Palaiseau, FranceIRT SystemX, 91120 Palaiseau, FranceCeRCA CNRS UMR 7295, Université de Poitiers, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 86073 Poitiers, FranceLaboratoire IMS CNRS UMR 5218, Bordeaux INP-ENSC, Université de Bordeaux, 33400 Talence, FranceIRT SystemX, 91120 Palaiseau, FranceLaboratoire IMS CNRS UMR 5218, Bordeaux INP-ENSC, Université de Bordeaux, 33400 Talence, FranceThe latest advances in car automation present new challenges in vehicle–driver interactions. Indeed, acceptance and adoption of high levels of automation (when full control of the driving task is given to the automated system) are conditioned by human factors such as user trust. In this work, we study the impact of anthropomorphic design on user trust in the context of a highly automated car. A virtual assistant was designed using two levels of anthropomorphic design: “voice-only” and “voice with visual appearance”. The visual appearance was a three-dimensional model, integrated as a hologram in the cockpit of a driving simulator. In a driving simulator study, we compared the three interfaces: two versions of the virtual assistant interface and the baseline interface with no anthropomorphic attributes. We measured trust versus perceived anthropomorphism. We also studied the evolution of trust throughout a range of driving scenarios. We finally analyzed participants’ reaction time to takeover request events. We found a significant correlation between perceived anthropomorphism and trust. However, the three interfaces tested did not significantly differentiate in terms of perceived anthropomorphism while trust converged over time across all our measurements. Finally, we found that the anthropomorphic assistant positively impacts reaction time for one takeover request scenario. We discuss methodological issues and implication for design and further research.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/11/12/1087human–machine interfacevirtual assistanttrustanthropomorphismtest methodsuser studies |
| spellingShingle | Clarisse Lawson-Guidigbe Kahina Amokrane-Ferka Nicolas Louveton Benoit Leblanc Virgil Rousseaux Jean-Marc André Anthropomorphic Design and Self-Reported Behavioral Trust: The Case of a Virtual Assistant in a Highly Automated Car Machines human–machine interface virtual assistant trust anthropomorphism test methods user studies |
| title | Anthropomorphic Design and Self-Reported Behavioral Trust: The Case of a Virtual Assistant in a Highly Automated Car |
| title_full | Anthropomorphic Design and Self-Reported Behavioral Trust: The Case of a Virtual Assistant in a Highly Automated Car |
| title_fullStr | Anthropomorphic Design and Self-Reported Behavioral Trust: The Case of a Virtual Assistant in a Highly Automated Car |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anthropomorphic Design and Self-Reported Behavioral Trust: The Case of a Virtual Assistant in a Highly Automated Car |
| title_short | Anthropomorphic Design and Self-Reported Behavioral Trust: The Case of a Virtual Assistant in a Highly Automated Car |
| title_sort | anthropomorphic design and self reported behavioral trust the case of a virtual assistant in a highly automated car |
| topic | human–machine interface virtual assistant trust anthropomorphism test methods user studies |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/11/12/1087 |
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