Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste
In this work, a continuous flow extraction system assisted by ultrasound (US) was developed for the extraction of Cr(III) from residual tanned leather shavings. US energy was delivered into the system by a tubular applicator (clamp-on tube US applicator). The effect of the US energy was investigated...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417722002206 |
| _version_ | 1828376426257055744 |
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| author | Matheus F. Pedrotti Daniel Santos Vitoria H. Cauduro Cezar A. Bizzi Erico M.M. Flores |
| author_facet | Matheus F. Pedrotti Daniel Santos Vitoria H. Cauduro Cezar A. Bizzi Erico M.M. Flores |
| author_sort | Matheus F. Pedrotti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, a continuous flow extraction system assisted by ultrasound (US) was developed for the extraction of Cr(III) from residual tanned leather shavings. US energy was delivered into the system by a tubular applicator (clamp-on tube US applicator). The effect of the US energy was investigated at 20 kHz of frequency and electrical input power of 75, 150, 300 and 600 W. Residence time and temperature profile were also evaluated. It was observed that the internal temperature profile was affected by the presence of US and inverted in comparison with the conditions without US. In this way, the temperature profile generated by the US was reproduced by using electrical resistances in order to compare the obtained results. The US intensity was measured using a hydrophone connected to a sound pressure meter. The use of the US did not alter the dynamic behavior of the system but increased the extraction efficiency when compared to the silent condition. US power above 75 W did not lead to increased extraction efficiency, when the residence time was 30 min. However, when 60 min of residence time were employed, the optimized US power was 150 W, resulting in an extraction efficiency of 71.7 ± 0.7 %, about 28 % higher when compared to the silent condition in the same temperature and other conditions. The US energy allowed a reduction in processing time and operational temperature when compared to the silent condition with the same temperature profile. The overall energy consumption with US was similar or lower than that observed without US, showing the feasibility of the proposed extraction system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:59:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d149245e25984af1ba2d345effd10b38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1350-4177 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T07:59:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-d149245e25984af1ba2d345effd10b382022-12-22T02:04:56ZengElsevierUltrasonics Sonochemistry1350-41772022-09-0189106124Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid wasteMatheus F. Pedrotti0Daniel Santos1Vitoria H. Cauduro2Cezar A. Bizzi3Erico M.M. Flores4Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Feliz, Brazil; Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, BrazilDepartamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, BrazilDepartamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, BrazilDepartamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, BrazilDepartamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.In this work, a continuous flow extraction system assisted by ultrasound (US) was developed for the extraction of Cr(III) from residual tanned leather shavings. US energy was delivered into the system by a tubular applicator (clamp-on tube US applicator). The effect of the US energy was investigated at 20 kHz of frequency and electrical input power of 75, 150, 300 and 600 W. Residence time and temperature profile were also evaluated. It was observed that the internal temperature profile was affected by the presence of US and inverted in comparison with the conditions without US. In this way, the temperature profile generated by the US was reproduced by using electrical resistances in order to compare the obtained results. The US intensity was measured using a hydrophone connected to a sound pressure meter. The use of the US did not alter the dynamic behavior of the system but increased the extraction efficiency when compared to the silent condition. US power above 75 W did not lead to increased extraction efficiency, when the residence time was 30 min. However, when 60 min of residence time were employed, the optimized US power was 150 W, resulting in an extraction efficiency of 71.7 ± 0.7 %, about 28 % higher when compared to the silent condition in the same temperature and other conditions. The US energy allowed a reduction in processing time and operational temperature when compared to the silent condition with the same temperature profile. The overall energy consumption with US was similar or lower than that observed without US, showing the feasibility of the proposed extraction system.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417722002206Chromium continuous flow extractionTanned leather residuesChromium removalUltrasoundClamp-on tube US applicatorContinuous extraction using ultrasound |
| spellingShingle | Matheus F. Pedrotti Daniel Santos Vitoria H. Cauduro Cezar A. Bizzi Erico M.M. Flores Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Chromium continuous flow extraction Tanned leather residues Chromium removal Ultrasound Clamp-on tube US applicator Continuous extraction using ultrasound |
| title | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste |
| title_full | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste |
| title_short | Ultrasound-assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings: A promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste |
| title_sort | ultrasound assisted extraction of chromium from tanned leather shavings a promising continuous flow technology for the treatment of solid waste |
| topic | Chromium continuous flow extraction Tanned leather residues Chromium removal Ultrasound Clamp-on tube US applicator Continuous extraction using ultrasound |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417722002206 |
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