Changes in the Tree-Ring Width-Derived Cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over Northeast China during 1825 to 2013 CE
Vegetation coverage is very important in terrestrial ecosystems and climate systems. However, the observational record of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which started in the 1980s when satellites became widely used, is too short to investigate the history of variation in vegetati...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/2/241 |
| _version_ | 1797395945457975296 |
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| author | Ruoshi Liu Yi Song Yu Liu Xuxiang Li Huiming Song Changfeng Sun Qiang Li Qiufang Cai Meng Ren Lu Wang |
| author_facet | Ruoshi Liu Yi Song Yu Liu Xuxiang Li Huiming Song Changfeng Sun Qiang Li Qiufang Cai Meng Ren Lu Wang |
| author_sort | Ruoshi Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vegetation coverage is very important in terrestrial ecosystems and climate systems. However, the observational record of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which started in the 1980s when satellites became widely used, is too short to investigate the history of variation in vegetation coverage beyond the modern observation period. Here, we present a 189 y vegetation coverage series based on a total of 349 Mongolian pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica</i> Litv) cores from seven locations from the central–western Da Hinggan Mountains (CW–DHM), northeastern China. We found a significant relationship between tree-ring width and the regional cumulative normalized difference vegetation index (CNDVI). The correlation between the ring-width chronology and the regional June–July CNDVI (<b>CNDVI<sub>JJ</sub></b>) was significant, with <i>r</i> = 0.68 (<i>n</i> = 32, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and an explained variance of 45.8% (44.0% after the adjustment for the loss of the degree of freedom). On this basis, we designed a transfer function to reconstruct the <b>CNDVI<sub>JJ</sub></b> for the CW–DHM region from 1825 to 2013 CE (Common Era). During the last 189 years, there were 28 years with high <b>CNDVI<sub>JJ</sub></b> values, and another 28 years with low values. We also observed <b>CNDVI<sub>JJ</sub></b> fluctuations at the inter-annual and decadal time scales, including eight low value periods and nine high value periods. Based on our analysis, the variation in CNDVI is associated with climatic factors, such as temperature, precipitation and the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), which combines both temperature and precipitation. From 1950 to 2002 CE, the CNDVI showed a noticeable decreasing trend in the CW–DHM region, whereas after 2003 CE, the CNDVI exhibited an apparent increase, which has also been observed in southern Central Siberia, eastern Mongolia and northeastern and eastern China, indicating that the CNDVI change in the CW–DHM is related to climate change in the local region and in some parts of Asia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:42:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d151a86e0dee4a4a83e76815ade7ddc8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:42:32Z |
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| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-d151a86e0dee4a4a83e76815ade7ddc82023-12-11T17:44:34ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072021-02-0112224110.3390/f12020241Changes in the Tree-Ring Width-Derived Cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over Northeast China during 1825 to 2013 CERuoshi Liu0Yi Song1Yu Liu2Xuxiang Li3Huiming Song4Changfeng Sun5Qiang Li6Qiufang Cai7Meng Ren8Lu Wang9School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, ChinaSchool of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaSchool of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, ChinaCollege of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, ChinaVegetation coverage is very important in terrestrial ecosystems and climate systems. However, the observational record of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which started in the 1980s when satellites became widely used, is too short to investigate the history of variation in vegetation coverage beyond the modern observation period. Here, we present a 189 y vegetation coverage series based on a total of 349 Mongolian pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica</i> Litv) cores from seven locations from the central–western Da Hinggan Mountains (CW–DHM), northeastern China. We found a significant relationship between tree-ring width and the regional cumulative normalized difference vegetation index (CNDVI). The correlation between the ring-width chronology and the regional June–July CNDVI (<b>CNDVI<sub>JJ</sub></b>) was significant, with <i>r</i> = 0.68 (<i>n</i> = 32, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and an explained variance of 45.8% (44.0% after the adjustment for the loss of the degree of freedom). On this basis, we designed a transfer function to reconstruct the <b>CNDVI<sub>JJ</sub></b> for the CW–DHM region from 1825 to 2013 CE (Common Era). During the last 189 years, there were 28 years with high <b>CNDVI<sub>JJ</sub></b> values, and another 28 years with low values. We also observed <b>CNDVI<sub>JJ</sub></b> fluctuations at the inter-annual and decadal time scales, including eight low value periods and nine high value periods. Based on our analysis, the variation in CNDVI is associated with climatic factors, such as temperature, precipitation and the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), which combines both temperature and precipitation. From 1950 to 2002 CE, the CNDVI showed a noticeable decreasing trend in the CW–DHM region, whereas after 2003 CE, the CNDVI exhibited an apparent increase, which has also been observed in southern Central Siberia, eastern Mongolia and northeastern and eastern China, indicating that the CNDVI change in the CW–DHM is related to climate change in the local region and in some parts of Asia.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/2/241northeast Chinatree-ring widthremote sensingcumulative normalized difference vegetation index (CNDVI)reconstructionclimate variability |
| spellingShingle | Ruoshi Liu Yi Song Yu Liu Xuxiang Li Huiming Song Changfeng Sun Qiang Li Qiufang Cai Meng Ren Lu Wang Changes in the Tree-Ring Width-Derived Cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over Northeast China during 1825 to 2013 CE Forests northeast China tree-ring width remote sensing cumulative normalized difference vegetation index (CNDVI) reconstruction climate variability |
| title | Changes in the Tree-Ring Width-Derived Cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over Northeast China during 1825 to 2013 CE |
| title_full | Changes in the Tree-Ring Width-Derived Cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over Northeast China during 1825 to 2013 CE |
| title_fullStr | Changes in the Tree-Ring Width-Derived Cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over Northeast China during 1825 to 2013 CE |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in the Tree-Ring Width-Derived Cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over Northeast China during 1825 to 2013 CE |
| title_short | Changes in the Tree-Ring Width-Derived Cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over Northeast China during 1825 to 2013 CE |
| title_sort | changes in the tree ring width derived cumulative normalized difference vegetation index over northeast china during 1825 to 2013 ce |
| topic | northeast China tree-ring width remote sensing cumulative normalized difference vegetation index (CNDVI) reconstruction climate variability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/2/241 |
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