Using Exercise and Nutrition to Alter Fat and Lean Mass in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative Review
Fat mass (FM) gain and lean mass (LM) loss are common side effects for patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Excess FM has been associated with an increased risk of developing obesity-related comorbidities, exacerbating prostate cancer progression, and all-cause...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1664 |
| _version_ | 1797534125951811584 |
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| author | Rebekah L. Wilson Dennis R. Taaffe Robert U. Newton Nicolas H. Hart Philippa Lyons-Wall Daniel A. Galvão |
| author_facet | Rebekah L. Wilson Dennis R. Taaffe Robert U. Newton Nicolas H. Hart Philippa Lyons-Wall Daniel A. Galvão |
| author_sort | Rebekah L. Wilson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fat mass (FM) gain and lean mass (LM) loss are common side effects for patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Excess FM has been associated with an increased risk of developing obesity-related comorbidities, exacerbating prostate cancer progression, and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality. LM is the predominant contributor to resting metabolic rate, with any loss impacting long-term weight management as well as physical function. Therefore, reducing FM and preserving LM may improve patient-reported outcomes, risk of disease progression, and ameliorate comorbidity development. In ADT-treated patients, exercise and nutrition programs can lead to improvements in quality of life and physical function; however, effects on body composition have been variable. The aim of this review was to provide a descriptive overview and critical appraisal of exercise and nutrition-based interventions in prostate cancer patients on ADT and their effect on FM and LM. Our findings are that FM gain and LM loss are side effects of ADT that could be reduced, prevented, or even reversed with the implementation of a combined exercise and nutrition program. However, the most effective combination of specific exercise and nutrition prescriptions are yet to be determined, and thus should be a focus for future studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:25:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d15bdd6e966f4b628771d2afe76c7a80 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:25:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-d15bdd6e966f4b628771d2afe76c7a802023-11-21T19:43:02ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-05-01135166410.3390/nu13051664Using Exercise and Nutrition to Alter Fat and Lean Mass in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative ReviewRebekah L. Wilson0Dennis R. Taaffe1Robert U. Newton2Nicolas H. Hart3Philippa Lyons-Wall4Daniel A. Galvão5Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USAExercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, WA, AustraliaExercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, WA, AustraliaExercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, WA, AustraliaSchool of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, WA, AustraliaExercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, WA, AustraliaFat mass (FM) gain and lean mass (LM) loss are common side effects for patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Excess FM has been associated with an increased risk of developing obesity-related comorbidities, exacerbating prostate cancer progression, and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality. LM is the predominant contributor to resting metabolic rate, with any loss impacting long-term weight management as well as physical function. Therefore, reducing FM and preserving LM may improve patient-reported outcomes, risk of disease progression, and ameliorate comorbidity development. In ADT-treated patients, exercise and nutrition programs can lead to improvements in quality of life and physical function; however, effects on body composition have been variable. The aim of this review was to provide a descriptive overview and critical appraisal of exercise and nutrition-based interventions in prostate cancer patients on ADT and their effect on FM and LM. Our findings are that FM gain and LM loss are side effects of ADT that could be reduced, prevented, or even reversed with the implementation of a combined exercise and nutrition program. However, the most effective combination of specific exercise and nutrition prescriptions are yet to be determined, and thus should be a focus for future studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1664androgen deprivation therapyprostate cancerexercisenutritionfat masslean mass |
| spellingShingle | Rebekah L. Wilson Dennis R. Taaffe Robert U. Newton Nicolas H. Hart Philippa Lyons-Wall Daniel A. Galvão Using Exercise and Nutrition to Alter Fat and Lean Mass in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative Review Nutrients androgen deprivation therapy prostate cancer exercise nutrition fat mass lean mass |
| title | Using Exercise and Nutrition to Alter Fat and Lean Mass in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative Review |
| title_full | Using Exercise and Nutrition to Alter Fat and Lean Mass in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative Review |
| title_fullStr | Using Exercise and Nutrition to Alter Fat and Lean Mass in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using Exercise and Nutrition to Alter Fat and Lean Mass in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative Review |
| title_short | Using Exercise and Nutrition to Alter Fat and Lean Mass in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Narrative Review |
| title_sort | using exercise and nutrition to alter fat and lean mass in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy a narrative review |
| topic | androgen deprivation therapy prostate cancer exercise nutrition fat mass lean mass |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/5/1664 |
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