Congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of Peyronie's disease, and psychological consequences of penile curvature
Objective: To investigate a possible relationship between a history of congenital penile curvature (CPC) and Peyronie's disease (PD), and to characterize the psychological profile of patients suffering from PD, with or without concomitant CPC. Methods: We included 519 patients with Pey...
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PAGEPress Publications
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia |
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| Online Access: | https://www.pagepressjournals.org/index.php/aiua/article/view/11238 |
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| author | Gianni Paulis Andrea Paulis Gianpaolo Perletti |
| author_facet | Gianni Paulis Andrea Paulis Gianpaolo Perletti |
| author_sort | Gianni Paulis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Objective: To investigate a possible relationship between a history of congenital penile curvature (CPC) and Peyronie's disease (PD), and to characterize the psychological profile of patients suffering from PD, with or without concomitant CPC.
Methods: We included 519 patients with Peyronie's disease (PD), of which 73 were found to have underlaying CPC. As a comparator population, we selected 2166 patients without PD, referring to our tertiary care clinic. In this population we detected 15 subjects with CPC. All patients completed the GAD-7 (Generalized-Anxiety-Disorder - 7 questions) and the PHQ-9 (Patient-Health-Questionnaire - 9 questions) questionnaires.
Results: The overall prevalence of CPC in PD-patients was 14.07%, compared to a prevalence of 0.69% in the non-PD control population (p < 0.00001). Moderate-to-severe anxiety was found to be present in 89.4% of all PD-patients.
Significantly higher proportions of patients with CPC associated with PD showed severe anxiety, compared to patients with PD alone (57.5% vs. 36.7%, respectively, p = 0.0008). Moderate- severe depression was found to be present in 57.8% of all PD- patients. Significantly higher proportions of PD patients with a history of CPC showed severe depression, compared to patients with PD alone (13.6% vs. 3.36%, respectively, p < 0.0002). GAD-7 median scores were significantly higher in patients with more severe penile curvatures (> 45°; p = 0.029). We did not detect a statistically significant difference between PHQ-9 medi- an scores based on the severity of PD (p = 0.53). Analysis of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 median scores showed significantly worse depressive and anxious symptoms in younger patients
(p < 0.001 and p = 0.0013, respectively).
Conclusions: The presence of congenital-penile-curvature may represent a risk factor for the subsequent onset of Peyronie's disease. Moderate/severe anxiety and moderate/severe depression were reported in a high fraction of cases. Anxiety was significantly higher in patients with more severe penile-curvatures, and depression was present independently of the degree of penile curvature. Depression and anxiety were found to be more severe in younger subjects.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:22:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d16ceeac940542d0ac604d1106bc8128 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1124-3562 2282-4197 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:22:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | PAGEPress Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia |
| spelling | doaj.art-d16ceeac940542d0ac604d1106bc81282023-03-15T22:44:00ZengPAGEPress PublicationsArchivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia1124-35622282-41972023-03-0110.4081/aiua.2023.11238Congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of Peyronie's disease, and psychological consequences of penile curvatureGianni Paulis0Andrea Paulis1Gianpaolo Perletti2Peyronie’s Care Center, Department of Uro-Andrology, Castelfidardo Clinical Analysis Center, RomeNeurosystem Center for applied Psychology and Neuroscience, Janet Clinical Centre, RomeDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Section of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese Objective: To investigate a possible relationship between a history of congenital penile curvature (CPC) and Peyronie's disease (PD), and to characterize the psychological profile of patients suffering from PD, with or without concomitant CPC. Methods: We included 519 patients with Peyronie's disease (PD), of which 73 were found to have underlaying CPC. As a comparator population, we selected 2166 patients without PD, referring to our tertiary care clinic. In this population we detected 15 subjects with CPC. All patients completed the GAD-7 (Generalized-Anxiety-Disorder - 7 questions) and the PHQ-9 (Patient-Health-Questionnaire - 9 questions) questionnaires. Results: The overall prevalence of CPC in PD-patients was 14.07%, compared to a prevalence of 0.69% in the non-PD control population (p < 0.00001). Moderate-to-severe anxiety was found to be present in 89.4% of all PD-patients. Significantly higher proportions of patients with CPC associated with PD showed severe anxiety, compared to patients with PD alone (57.5% vs. 36.7%, respectively, p = 0.0008). Moderate- severe depression was found to be present in 57.8% of all PD- patients. Significantly higher proportions of PD patients with a history of CPC showed severe depression, compared to patients with PD alone (13.6% vs. 3.36%, respectively, p < 0.0002). GAD-7 median scores were significantly higher in patients with more severe penile curvatures (> 45°; p = 0.029). We did not detect a statistically significant difference between PHQ-9 medi- an scores based on the severity of PD (p = 0.53). Analysis of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 median scores showed significantly worse depressive and anxious symptoms in younger patients (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0013, respectively). Conclusions: The presence of congenital-penile-curvature may represent a risk factor for the subsequent onset of Peyronie's disease. Moderate/severe anxiety and moderate/severe depression were reported in a high fraction of cases. Anxiety was significantly higher in patients with more severe penile-curvatures, and depression was present independently of the degree of penile curvature. Depression and anxiety were found to be more severe in younger subjects. https://www.pagepressjournals.org/index.php/aiua/article/view/11238Congenital penile curvaturePeyronie’s diseaseRisk factors |
| spellingShingle | Gianni Paulis Andrea Paulis Gianpaolo Perletti Congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of Peyronie's disease, and psychological consequences of penile curvature Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia Congenital penile curvature Peyronie’s disease Risk factors |
| title | Congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of Peyronie's disease, and psychological consequences of penile curvature |
| title_full | Congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of Peyronie's disease, and psychological consequences of penile curvature |
| title_fullStr | Congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of Peyronie's disease, and psychological consequences of penile curvature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of Peyronie's disease, and psychological consequences of penile curvature |
| title_short | Congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of Peyronie's disease, and psychological consequences of penile curvature |
| title_sort | congenital penile curvature as a possible risk factor for the onset of peyronie s disease and psychological consequences of penile curvature |
| topic | Congenital penile curvature Peyronie’s disease Risk factors |
| url | https://www.pagepressjournals.org/index.php/aiua/article/view/11238 |
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