ESMD-WSST High-Frequency De-Noising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Using GB-SAR
Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR), as a new non-contact measurement technique, has been widely applied to obtain the dynamic deflection of various bridges without corner reflectors. However, it will cause some high-frequency noise in the obtained dynamic deflection with the low signal-t...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/1/54 |
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| author | Xianglei Liu Songxue Zhao Runjie Wang |
| author_facet | Xianglei Liu Songxue Zhao Runjie Wang |
| author_sort | Xianglei Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR), as a new non-contact measurement technique, has been widely applied to obtain the dynamic deflection of various bridges without corner reflectors. However, it will cause some high-frequency noise in the obtained dynamic deflection with the low signal-to-noise ratio. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an innovative high-frequency de-noising method combining the wavelet synchro-squeezing transform (WSST) method with the extreme point symmetric mode decomposition (ESMD) method. First, the ESMD method is applied to decompose the observed dynamic deflection signal into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and the frequency boundary of the original signal autocorrelation is filtered by the mutual information entropy (MIE) for each IMF pair. Second, the high-frequency IMF components are fused into a high-frequency sub-signal. WSST is performed to remove the influence of noise to reconstruct a new sub-signal. Finally, the de-noised bridge dynamic deflection is reconstructed by the new sub-signal, the remaining IMF components, and the residual curve R. For the simulated signal with 5 dB noise, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) after noise reduction is increased to 11.13 dB, and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) is reduced to 0.30 mm. For the on-site experiment for the Wanning Bridge, the noise rejection ratio (NRR) is 5.48 dB, and ratio of the variance root (RVR) is 0.05 mm. The results indicate that the proposed ESMD-WSST method can retain more valid information and has a better noise reduction ability than the ESMD, WSST, and EMD-WSST methods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:04:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d16ef8cd549040b3a1cca2c8ab2ef2cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:04:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d16ef8cd549040b3a1cca2c8ab2ef2cf2023-11-16T15:10:29ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922022-12-011215410.3390/electronics12010054ESMD-WSST High-Frequency De-Noising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Using GB-SARXianglei Liu0Songxue Zhao1Runjie Wang2Key Laboratory for Urban Geomatics of National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Engineering Research Center of Representative Building and Architectural Heritage Database, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, ChinaKey Laboratory for Urban Geomatics of National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Engineering Research Center of Representative Building and Architectural Heritage Database, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, ChinaKey Laboratory for Urban Geomatics of National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Engineering Research Center of Representative Building and Architectural Heritage Database, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, ChinaGround-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR), as a new non-contact measurement technique, has been widely applied to obtain the dynamic deflection of various bridges without corner reflectors. However, it will cause some high-frequency noise in the obtained dynamic deflection with the low signal-to-noise ratio. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an innovative high-frequency de-noising method combining the wavelet synchro-squeezing transform (WSST) method with the extreme point symmetric mode decomposition (ESMD) method. First, the ESMD method is applied to decompose the observed dynamic deflection signal into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and the frequency boundary of the original signal autocorrelation is filtered by the mutual information entropy (MIE) for each IMF pair. Second, the high-frequency IMF components are fused into a high-frequency sub-signal. WSST is performed to remove the influence of noise to reconstruct a new sub-signal. Finally, the de-noised bridge dynamic deflection is reconstructed by the new sub-signal, the remaining IMF components, and the residual curve R. For the simulated signal with 5 dB noise, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) after noise reduction is increased to 11.13 dB, and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) is reduced to 0.30 mm. For the on-site experiment for the Wanning Bridge, the noise rejection ratio (NRR) is 5.48 dB, and ratio of the variance root (RVR) is 0.05 mm. The results indicate that the proposed ESMD-WSST method can retain more valid information and has a better noise reduction ability than the ESMD, WSST, and EMD-WSST methods.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/1/54bridge dynamic deflectionsignal de-noisingESMD methodWSST transformationMIE |
| spellingShingle | Xianglei Liu Songxue Zhao Runjie Wang ESMD-WSST High-Frequency De-Noising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Using GB-SAR Electronics bridge dynamic deflection signal de-noising ESMD method WSST transformation MIE |
| title | ESMD-WSST High-Frequency De-Noising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Using GB-SAR |
| title_full | ESMD-WSST High-Frequency De-Noising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Using GB-SAR |
| title_fullStr | ESMD-WSST High-Frequency De-Noising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Using GB-SAR |
| title_full_unstemmed | ESMD-WSST High-Frequency De-Noising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Using GB-SAR |
| title_short | ESMD-WSST High-Frequency De-Noising Method for Bridge Dynamic Deflection Using GB-SAR |
| title_sort | esmd wsst high frequency de noising method for bridge dynamic deflection using gb sar |
| topic | bridge dynamic deflection signal de-noising ESMD method WSST transformation MIE |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/1/54 |
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